Section 10.5- Sulfur

Question 1

Composes only about .05% of the earth’s crust by mass but is easily obtained because it often occurs in its elemental form

Occurs in gypsum, mineral sulfides, and many proteins

Answer 1

Sulfur

Question 2

Sulfur exists in several

Answer 2

Allotropes

Question 3

The most stable sulfur allotrope form below 96 C is the

Sulfite exists as puckered ring-shaped molecules of 8 sulfur atoms apiece.

Answer 3

Rhombic crystalline form

Question 4

A yellow, tasteless, odorless solid that is insoluble in water and very soluble in carbon disulfide

Answer 4

Rhombic sulfur

Question 5

When heated above 96C, rhombic sulfur is converted into __________________ to produce a low viscosity, pale yellow, transparent liquid

Answer 5

Monoclinic crystals

Question 6

May be formed when liquid sulfur, at a temp of about 200C is cooled quickly by being poured into cold water

Answer 6

Plastic sulfur

Question 7

For most of the 20th century, the primary method of sulfur production was mining using the

Answer 7

Frasch process

Question 8

Sulfur production method in which superheated water and hot compressed air are forced into the sulfur deposit; the water melts the sulfur, and the compressed air forces the molten sulfur to the surface

Answer 8

Frasch process

Question 9

Today, most elemental sulfur is produced as a byproduct of byproduct of petroleum refining and natural gas processing; because both of those contain hydrogen sulfide gas, which must be removed during processing because of its high toxicity, the removed hydrogen sulfide is converted to elemental sulfur using the

Answer 9

Claus process

Question 10

Process in which part of the H2S is burned in air, and the resulting SO2 reacts with additional H2S to form elemental sulfur

Answer 10

Claus process

Question 11

The vast majority of sulfur is used to produce

Answer 11

Sulfuric acid

Question 12

It has been said that the health of the economy in the US can be measured by the annual industrial consumption of

Answer 12

Sulfuric acid

Question 13

The most important chemical in the US

Answer 13

Sulfuric acid

Question 14

Sulfuric acid is produced industrially by the

Involves first burning the hr sulfur in air to produce sulfur dioxide

Answer 14

Contact process

Question 15

Pure sulfuric acid is a

Answer 15

Colorles, viscous liquid

Question 16

Always add the ___________ to the ________ while stirring chemicals to prevent dangerous splatter

Answer 16

Acid to water

Question 17

Formas when sulfur is burned in air or when metal sulfides are heated in air (“roasted”)

Answer 17

Sulfur dioxide

Question 18

SO2 is commonly removed from power-plant exhaust gases by a device called a

Answer 18

Scrubber

Question 19

A colorless, highly toxic gas with an offensive odor

Answer 19

Hydrogen sulfide

Question 20

Organic materials containing organic the -SH group are known as

Answer 20

Thiols or mercaptans

Question 21

A colorless, flammable liquid formed by heating carbon and sulfur in to a high temperature

Answer 21

Carbon disulfide

Question 22

Are both used as special- purpose lubricants because they can withstand high temperatures and tremendous pressures while remaining slippery

Answer 22

Molybdenum disulfide
Tungsten disulfide

Question 23

Means sulfur

Answer 23

Thio

Question 24

uses for sulfur

Answer 24

1. Synthesis of sulfuric acid ( most important)
2. Vulcanization of rubber
3. Preparation of insecticides, fungicides, pharmaceuticals, gunpowder, dyes, photographic materials, and textiles

Question 25

Commercial uses of sulfuric acid

Answer 25

Production of fertilizers, fibers, plastics, dyes, paints, detergents, Petroleum refining Metal refining Dehydrating agent

Question 26

two uses for sulfur dioxide

Answer 26

1. food preservative 2. bleaching agent for paper products, oils, and starch

Question 27

What causes silver to tarnish?

Answer 27

H2S reacts with silver and atmospheric oxygen to form black Ag2S (tarnish) and water