Section 2 Computers

Question 1

ENIAC

Answer 1

• Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer.
• Made by John Mauchly, J. Presper Eckert, and Herman Goldstone at Aberdeen Proving Grounds.
• 18,000 vacuum tubes, conditional branching, flexible calculating, and manual programming
• led by 6 female operators

Question 2

EDVAC

Answer 2

Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
- Successor to the ENIAC
- Dominated by John vonn Neumann
- Larger memory in binary form, stored program concept, instructions were represented with binary codes (no rewiring)

Question 3

Manchester Baby

Answer 3

The first stored program computer
- Made by Max Newman and Frederic Williams
- Memory storage w/ Williams tubes, not usuable

Question 4

EDSAC

Answer 4

Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Computer
- The first practical stored program computer
- Made by Maurice Wilkes
- Memory storage using mercury delay line, fully operational

Question 5

UNIVAC

Answer 5

Universal Automatic Computer
Made by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert
- Used fixed-price contracts
Contract: $270,000 Actual: $900,000
- High-speed magnetic tape, 5,000 vacuum tubes
- Completed in 1951 and used in the 1951 census

Question 6

BINAC

Answer 6

Binary Automatic Computer
Made by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert
- Contract: $100,000 Actual: $280,000

Question 7

IBM 701

Answer 7

As powerful as the UNIVAC
Used Williams tubes for storage

Question 8

IBM 702

Answer 8

Marketed for business data processing

Question 9

IBM 650

Answer 9

Least expensive mode
Used magnetic drums for storage
Popular in university programming courses