section 2 idheckingk Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from high to low concentration.
No energy required.
What is osmosis?
Movement of water based on solute concentration.
No energy required.
What are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
What is mitosis used for?
Growth and repair.
Where does meiosis occur?
In cells of the reproductive system.
What happens in meiosis?
It involves 2 cell divisions and creates 4 daughter cells.
Reduces diploid chromosome numbers by half.
What is spermatogenesis?
The production of sperm cells.
It creates 4 haploid sperm cells.
What is oogenesis?
The production of mature egg cells.
Produces a single haploid egg cell.
What is a genotype?
The genes of an individual.
What is an allele?
An alternate form of a gene.
What is a phenotype?
The physical appearance of a trait.
What makes up the backbone and bases of DNA?
Phosphate and sugar.
What is a nucleotide composed of?
Sugar, phosphate, and base.
What is RNA?
Single stranded and made up of nucleotides with sugar ribose.
What is transcription?
Turns RNA to DNA.
What is responsible for transcription?
RNA polymerase.
What is mRNA?
Coding RNA.
What does mRNA carry?
A three-base sequence called the codon.
What does tRNA carry?
A three-base sequence called the anti-codon and an amino acid.
What is the start codon?
Always AUG.
There must always be a stop codon.
