Section 3 - Emergency Procedures

Question 1

What does land immediately mean?

Answer 1

Land in nearest clear area where a safe normal landing can be performed. Be prepared to enter auto during approach.

Question 2

What does land as soon as practical mean?

Answer 2

Land at pilot’s discretion based on the nature if the problem and available landing areas. Flight beyond nearest airport is not recommended.

Question 3

What may cause a power failure?

Answer 3

Engine or drive system failure. Usually indicated by low RPM horn.

Question 4

What may indicate an engine failure?

Answer 4

A change in noise level, nose left yaw, oil pressure light, or decreasing engine RPM.

Question 5

What may indicate a drive system failure?

Answer 5

Unusual noise or vibration, nose right or left yaw, or decreasing rotor RPM while engine RPM is increasing.

Question 6

What should you do immediately in case of power failure?

Answer 6

Lower collective to enter autorotation.

Question 7

Caution: _ is required when collective is lowered at high airspeed.

Answer 7

Aft cyclic

Question 8

Caution: do not apply _ during touchdown or ground slide to prevent possible _ .

Answer 8

Aft cyclic; blade strike to tailcone.

Question 9

Power failure above 500ft AGL

Answer 9

1. Lower collective
2. Glide at 65 KIAS
3. Adjust collective to keep rotor RPM between 97% and 110%. (Apply full down collective if 97% unattainable)
4. Select landing spot, land into the wind if altitude permits
5. Restart may be attempted
6. If no restart, turn off fuel valve and unnecessary switches
7. At 40ft AGL, begin cyclic flare
8. At 8ft AGL, level ship, raise collective before touchdown to cushion landing

Question 10

Power failure between 8 and 500ft AGL

Answer 10

1. Lower collective
2. Adjust collective to maintain 97% to 110% rotor RPM
3. Maintain airspeed until ground is approached, begin flare
4. At 8ft AGL, level ship, raise collective just before touchdown

Question 11

Power failure below 8ft AGL

Answer 11

1. Apply right pedal to prevent yaw
2. Allow aircraft to settle
3. Raise collective just before touchdown

Question 12

Max glide configuration

Answer 12

1. Airspeed 75 KIAS
2. Rotor RPM 90%
3. Ratio 4:1 or 1 nautical mile per 1500 feet AGL

CAUTION
Increase rotor RPM to 97% minimum when autorotating below 500ft AGL

Question 13

Air restart procedure

Answer 13

1. Mixture full rich
2. Primer (if installed) down and locked
3. Throttle closed, then cracked
4. Actuate starter with left hand

CAUTION
Do not attempt restart if engine malfunction is suspected or before safe autorotation is established

Question 14

Emergency water landing - power off

Answer 14

1. Follow land power failure procedures until contacting water. If time permits, unlatch doors before water contact
2. Apply lateral cyclic when aircraft contacts water to stop rotors
3. Release seat belt and clear aircraft when rotors stop

Question 15

Emergency water landing - power on

Answer 15

1. Descend to hover above water
2. Unlatch doors
3. Passenger exit aircraft
4. Fly to safe distance from passenger
5. Turn off battery and alternator
6. Roll throttle into overtravel spring
7. Keep aircraft level, apply full collective as aircraft contacts water
8. Apply lateral cyclic to stop rotors
9. Release seat belt, clear aircraft when rotors stop

Question 16

Loss of tail rotor thrust in forward flight

Answer 16

1. Enter auto
2. Maintain 70 KIAS if practical
3. Select landing site, roll throttle into overtravel spring, perform autorotation landing

NOTE
when suitable landing site unavailable, stabilizers may permit limited controlled flight above 70 KIAS. Enter auto before reducing airspeed.

Question 17

Loss of tail rotor thrust in hover

Answer 17

Indicated by uncontrollable right yaw

1. Roll off throttle into overtravel spring, allow aircraft to settle
2. Raise collective before touchdown

Question 18

Headset audio failure

Answer 18

Land as soon as practical

CAUTION
Low RPM horn will not be heard through audio system with a failed headset

Question 19

Engine fire during start on ground

Answer 19

1. Continue cranking to suck flames into engine
2. If engine starts, run at 50-60% RPM
3. Mixture off
4. Fuel valve off
5. Battery off
6. If time permits, stop rotors
7. Exit helicopter

Question 20

Engine fire in flight

Answer 20

1. Enter auto
2. Cabin heat off (if time)
3. Cabin vent on (if time)
4. If engine running, land normally, then mixture and fuel valve off
5. If engine stops, fuel valve off, complete autorotation landing
6. If time, stop rotors
7. Exit helicopter

Question 21

Electrical fire in flight

Answer 21

1. Batt and alternator off
2. Open cabin vents
3. Land immediately
4. Fuel mixture and valve off
5. If time, stop rotors
6. Exit helicopter

CAUTION
Low rpm horn and governor inoperable with batt and alt switches off

Question 22

Tach failure

Answer 22

Use remaining tach to monitor RPM. If unclear or both fail, allow governor to control RPM and land as soon as practical.

NOTE
each tach, gov, and low rpm horn are on separate power circuits. Tachs will have power with batt and alt off

Question 23

Governor failure

Answer 23

Grip throttle firmly and turn governor off. Complete flight using manual throttle control.

Question 24

Note: if light causes glare at night, …

Answer 24

Bulb may be unscrewed or breaker pulled to eliminate glare during landing

Question 25

Oil light

Answer 25

Indicates loss of engine power or oil pressure. Check engine tach for power loss. Check oil pressure, if pressure loss confirmed, land immediately. Operation without oil pressure will cause serious engine damage and engine failure may occur.

Question 26

MR temp light

Answer 26

Excessive temp of main rotor gearbox

Question 27

MR chip light

Answer 27

Indicates metallic particles in main rotor gearbox.

Question 28

TR chip light

Answer 28

Indicates metallic particles in tail rotor gearbox.

Question 29

Note: if light is accompanied by _ , _ , or _ , land immediately. If not, land as soon as practical.

Answer 29

Noise; vibration; temperature rise

Question 30

Note: if no metal is found on detector plug, _ and _ . (Tail rotor gearbox must be filled with new oil.) Then, _ . If chip comes on again, _ before further flight.

Answer 30

Clean; reinstall; hover for at least 30 min; replace gearbox

Question 31

Low fuel light

Answer 31

1.5 gal of usable fuel left. Fuel will run out in 10 min of cruise power. CAUTION Do not use low fuel light as an indication of fuel quantity.

Question 32

Clutch light

Answer 32

Indicates clutch actuator circuit is on. When switch engaged, light stays on until belts are tensioned properly. Never take off before light goes out.

Question 33

Note: if clutch light turns on in flight for over 10 seconds, ...

Answer 33

Pull clutch circuit breaker, land as soon as practical. Reduce power and land immediately if other indications of drive system failure. Have drive system inspected.

Question 34

Alt light

Answer 34

Indicates low voltage and possible alternator failure. Turn off nonessential equipment and switch off ALT switch for 1 second to reset alternator control unit. If light stays on, land as soon as practical. Continued flight may result in loss of power to tachs.

Question 35

Starter on light

Answer 35

Starter motor is engaged. If light stays on after ignition switch is released, pull mixture and turn batt off. Have starter motor serviced.

Question 36

Low rpm light

Answer 36

Indicates rotor RPM below 97%. Lower collective, roll throttle on, in forward flight apply aft cyclic. Light is disabled when collective is full down.

Question 37

Gov off light

Answer 37

Indicates governor is switched off

Question 38

Carbon monoxide light

Answer 38

Indicates CO in cabin. Turn off heater, open vents. If hovering, land or transition to forward flight. If CO poisoning symptoms occur, land immediately.

Question 39

Brake light

Answer 39

Indicates rotor brake engaged. Release immediately in flight or before starting engine.

Question 40

Full throttle light

Answer 40

Engine near full throttle. Governor will be ineffective because it cannot increase throttle. Lower collective to extinguish light.

Question 41

Low RPM horn

Answer 41

Horn activates with low RPM light, indicates rotor RPM below 97%. Lower collective, roll throttle on, apply aft cyclic in forward flight. Horn and light disabled when collective is full down.

Question 42

High RPM warble

Answer 42

Indicates rotor RPM approaching 110%. Raise collective as required.

Question 43

Right roll in low G condition

Answer 43

Apply gradual aft cyclic to reload rotors before applying lateral cyclic.

Question 44

Uncommanded pitch, roll, or yaw due to turbulence

Answer 44

Gradually apply controls to maintain rotor RPM, positive G, and eliminate sideslip. Minimize cyclic inputs, do not overcontrol.

Question 45

Inadvertent encounter with moderate, severe, or extreme turbulence

Answer 45

If area is isolated, leave the area. Otherwise, land as soon as practical.