Sectional Anatomy Test 3 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the function of the bony thorax?
It protects the organs of the thorax and aids in respiration
What structures make up the bony thorax?
Thoracic vertebrae, sternum, ribs, and costal cartilage
Where is the pancreas located and what is its shape?
It is a long, narrow retroperitoneal organ located posterior to the stomach, extending between the duodenum and splenic hilum.
What is the order of blood oxygenation through the heart and lungs?
Inferior/superior vena cava → Right atrium → Tricuspid valve → Right ventricle → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs → Pulmonary veins → Left atrium → Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve → Left ventricle → Aorta → Body.
How many chambers are in the heart and what are they?
Four chambers: Right atrium, Left atrium, Right ventricle, Left ventricle.
What are the terms for the top and bottom of the lungs?
Top: Apices; Bottom: Costophrenic angles.
What is the largest lymph organ in the body?
The spleen.
(Located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen)
What are the parts of the sternum from top to bottom?
Manubrium → Sternal angle → Body → Xiphoid tip.
Which retroperitoneal structures are located superior to the kidneys?
Adrenal glands.
How many quadrants and regions are in the abdomen?
Four quadrants and nine regions.
What are the parts of the small intestine?
Duodenum (proximal), Jejunum (2/3, left upper abdomen), Ileum (3/5, longest portion).
What forms the thoracic cage?
Thoracic vertebrae, costovertebral joint, costotransverse joints, ribs, costal cartilage, and sternum.
What is the largest artery in the body?
The aorta.
What forms the anterior boundary of the thoracic cage?
The sternum.
What organs make up the urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
What is the function of the biliary system?
It drains bile from the liver, stores it in the gallbladder, and releases it into the duodenum for digestion.
Where is the duodenal flexure located and what attaches to it?
Duodenal Flexure is the point where the duodenum and jejunum meet.
It is attached by the ligament of Treitz.
What is the large intestine and its location?
Begins in the RLQ:
1. cecum
2. colon (ascending, right colic (hepatic) flexure, transverse, left colic (splenic) flexure, descending, and sigmoid)
3. rectum
4. anal canal
It lies inferior to the stomach and liver and frames the small intestine.
What is the difference between the true and false pelvis?
True pelvis: Enclosed, contains urinary bladder, rectum, reproductive organs.
Borders: Pelvic brim, pelvic floor, inlet/outlet.
False pelvis: Above the pelvic brim, part of the abdominal cavity.
Borders: pelvis brim, iliac crests, and lumbar vertebrae.
What is the abdominal aorta and what does it supply?
It is the lower part of the main artery supplying oxygen-rich blood to abdominal organs, pelvis, and legs.
What imaging modalities do NOT use ionization radiation?!
MRI - magnet and radio waves
Ultrasound - sound waves
What imaging modalities use ionizing radiation?!
CT, X-Ray, Mammography, Nuclear Medicine
Name the parts of the gallbladder from superior to inferior.
Neck of gallbladder
Hartmann’s pouch
Body of gallbladder
Fundus of gallbladder
