Sedative Hypnotics

Question 1

Alprazolam

Answer 1

Xanax

Benno-Acute GAD

Question 2

Chlordiazepoxide

Answer 2

Benzo-Acute GAD

Question 3

Clonazepam

Answer 3

Klonopin

Benzo-Acute GAD

Question 4

Clorazepate

Answer 4

Benzo-Acute GAD

Question 5

Diazepam

Answer 5

Valium

Benzo-Acute GAD

Question 6

Lorazepam

Answer 6

Benzo-Acute GAD

Question 7

Oxazepam

Answer 7

Benzo-Acute GAD

Question 8

Midazolam

Answer 8

Benzo-Preoperational sedation

Question 9

Flummazenil

Answer 9

Treat Benzo OD

binds to Benzo site on GABAa

short t1/2=MUST READMINISTER

Question 10

GABAa receptor

Answer 10

GABA binds and activates

Increase freq of opening and closing the channel

Cl- goes through into cell and hyperpolarizaes=less transmission=sedattion

GABA binds to 2 location, benzos bind to 1

Question 11

Elderly benzo dose

do not give bentos with (4)

Answer 11

1/2 normal

anti anxiety/hist/AcH or with EtOH

Question 12

long half-life and withdrawl

Answer 12

longer half life, slower elim, less withdrawal

Question 13

Escitalopram

Answer 13

lexapro-SSRI

Question 14

Paroxetine

Answer 14

SSRI

Question 15

Sertraline

Answer 15

Zoloft-SSRI

Question 16

Fluoxetine

Answer 16

Prozac-SSRI

Question 17

Duloxetine

Answer 17

SNRI

Question 18

Venlafaxine

Answer 18

SNRI

Question 19

Buspirone

Answer 19

selective anxiolytic effects without sedation, hypnosis, or euphoric

second line cuz don’t know about long term efficacy

5HT1a receptor and brain D2 receptors

no interaction with GABA system=low addition

CYP3A4

Co admin with MAOi causes elevated blood pressure

Question 20

Triazolam

Answer 20

Benno-Hypnotic
Increase total sleep time, decrease sleep latency, decrease awakenings
Anticonvulsant/Muscle Relaxant

Question 21

Temazepam

Answer 21

Restoril
Benno-Hypnotic
Increase total sleep time, decrease sleep latency, decrease awakenings
Anticonvulsant/Muscle Relaxant

Question 22

Estazolam

Answer 22

Benno-Hypnotic
Increase total sleep time, decrease sleep latency, decrease awakenings
Anticonvulsant/Muscle Relaxant

Question 23

Flurazepam

Answer 23

Benno-Hypnotic
Increase total sleep time, decrease sleep latency, decrease awakenings
Anticonvulsant/Muscle Relaxant

Question 24

Quazepam

Answer 24

Benno-Hypnotic
Increase total sleep time, decrease sleep latency, decrease awakenings
Anticonvulsant/Muscle Relaxant

Question 25

Zaleplon

Answer 25

``` Sonata Non-benzo hypnotic (still GABAnergic) Does not increase total sleep time Decrease time to sleep Rebound insomnia Anticonvulsant/Muscle Relaxant ```

Question 26

Zolpidem

Answer 26

``` Ambion Non-benzo hypnotic (still GABAnergic) Increase total sleep time Decrease time to sleep rebound insomnia ```

Question 27

Eszopiclone

Answer 27

Lunesta Non-benzo hypnotic (still GABAnergic) Increase total sleep time Decrease time to sleep

Question 28

Ramelteon

Answer 28

MT1/MT2 receptor agonist Decrease sleep latency, increase total sleep time No dep (not Gaba)

Question 29

Suvorexant

Answer 29

orexin antagonist decrease sleep latency and increase sleep periods HIGHLY RISK OF DEPENDENCE amnesic effects