Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

pharmacy 358 > Seizures > Flashcards

Seizures Flashcards

(68 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is diagnosis of a seizure?

A

1 unprovoked (no outside cause) but is at significant risk of recurrence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of seizures is most common?

A

Focal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is status epileptics?

A

seizure lasting >30 minutes but treat if longer than 5 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is treatment for status epileptics?

A

IV phenytoin if no improve benzos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the role of benzos in epilepsy?

A

prn if seizure onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are post ical symptoms?

A

tired, memory issues, confusion, anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What meds can lower seizure threshold?

A

opioids, cancer medications, carbapenems and 4th gen cephalosporins, bupropion, AP, stimulants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do doctors use to classify seizures?

A

EEG to see before and after

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the chances of becoming seizure free?

A

60% after 1 or 2 tries= 12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

If mono therapy doesn’t work what should we do?

A

Diff mono= less reaction, better adherence, lower cost
combo= prob not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a good ASM taper?

A

at least 6 week taper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Non pharm for seizures?

A

ketogenic diet= high fat low carb, badly tolerated, need strict adherence better for children
surgery= refractory focal onset
VNS= electrical puls in vagus
avoid trigger
lower stress
lower alcohol
improve sleep and nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Common s/e for all ASM?

A

sedation, dizzy, ataxia, blurred vision, gi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If rash with CBZ what can we use?

A

clobazam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If rash with Oxcarb what can we use?

A

gabapentin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If rash with eliscarb what can we use?

A

pregabalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If rash with Phenobarbital what can we use?

A

lacosamide= maybe still bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If rash with phenytoin what can we use?

A

topiramate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If rash with lamotrigine what can we use?

A

valproic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How can we minimize teratogenicity?

A

folic acid and to try to get seizure free for 1 year prior to pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What birth control is good ?

A

IUD, depoprovera
continuous with >30 mg of EE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

IN regards to CYP what does valproic acid do?

A

inhibits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What ASM are narrow?

A

CBZ, gabapentin,Phenytoin, phenobarbital, pregabalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is first line for Focol seizures?

A

CBZ, lamotrigine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is second line for focal?
Valproate, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine
26
First line for Generalized tonic clonic?
nothing BUT has 3rd line of CBZ, lamotrigine, valproate, topiramate, levetiracetam
27
What should ONLY be used in myoclonic seizures?
Valproate (first line), levetiracetam, topiramate
28
What is first line for absence seizures?
ethosuxamide, valproate 2nd line lamotrigine
29
Meds that target sodium channels primarily?
Phenytoin, CBZ, lamotrigine, lacosamide
30
Issue with phenytoin?
bad inducer of CYP, 0 order kinetics bad cosmetic s/e like gingival hyperplasia
31
What relationship means zero order?
Michaelis menten
32
Dose dependent s/e of phenytoin?
drowsy, confused, nystagmus, nausea
33
What s/e are not dose dependent of phenytoin?
hirsutism, gingival, bone softening, SJS
34
Pros and cons of CBZ?
Pros- Xr BID (IR is 4 times) Cons-induces and even itself, SJS with asian population
35
Asian gene that increases risk of SJS?
HLA-B1502
36
Most noteable side effect for CBZ?
Bad blood dyscrasia and rash
37
Important monitoring for CBZ?
Ocular exam, ECG, CBC, real, LFT and thyroid
38
Drugs that increase CBZ?
macrolides, Valproic acid, lamotrigine, azoles, diltiazem and verapamil,
39
Drugs that decrease CBZ?
Phenytoin, phenobarbital
40
What drugs are decreased by CBZ?
warfar8h, phenytoin, VA, Lamotrigine, topiramate, azoles, ESTROGEN
41
How do we overcome CBZ interaction with estrogen?
>50 mg CONTINUOUS
42
Why is eslicarbazepine better than CBZ?
MUCH less 3A4 induction and doesn't induce itself
43
Highlighted s/e of eslicarbazepine?
prolong PR interval= no go in 2/3 AV block
44
What is special structurally of oxcarbazepine?
prodrug
45
Does oxcarbazepine have same issues with CYP?
No
46
IN regards to s/e, how is lamotrigine unique?
MUCH more tolerated less sedate and weight gain SJS tho
47
Why might lamotrigine be an issue in women?
contraceptives (estrogen) decreases it by 50%
48
Can we give VA and lamotrigine?
yes but 50% reduction of lamotrigine dose from VA so dose adjust
49
What happens if you miss a dose of lamotrigine?
its fine but if >5 days have to retitrrate
50
IN regards to MOA, how is lacosamide unique?
slow inactivation of NA channels
51
Unique s/e of lacosamide?
PR prolong= bad in bad AV block
52
How is lacosamide with DI?
much much less
53
What drugs target calcium/potassium channels?
ethosuxamide, gabapentin, prefab, CBZ, VA
54
What ASM impact GABA?
Clobazam, phenobarb, topiramate
55
Pros/Cons of Clobazam?
Pros: lower tolerance rapid Cons: abuse, taper needed
56
Notable s/e of clobazam?
sedation and respiratory depression
57
Cons of phenobarbital?
sedation bad, inducer of CYP, lethal
58
Why does topiramate suck?
ND, bad CNS effects of drowsy, dizzy, low cognition
59
What drugs work on glutamate?
lamotrigine, topiramate
60
How does perampanel work?
NMDA antagonist
61
Prominent s/e of perampanel?
aggressive behaviour
62
Pros/Cons of VA?
Pros no interaction with Birth control, low risk of rash, Cons: Teratogen and inhibits CYP
63
Prominent s/e of VA?
hepatotoxic, weight gain
64
What is good levels of VA?
350-700
65
How does Levetiracetam work?
SV2A inhibitor
66
Pros of Levetiracetam?
no DI, tolerated, rapid titration
67
Notable s/e of levetiracetam?
psychiatric and behaviour problems
68
Issue with bevaracetam?
psych issues and angioedema and brochospasm

pharmacy 358 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions