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4th year Paeds > select > Flashcards

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1
Q

In constipation after initial disimpaction, how long should stools be kept soft for?

A

3-6m

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2
Q

croup all children should get what rx

A

single dose dex po

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3
Q

coryza and mild fever –> dry cough –> breathless, wheeze, crackles.

Decreased feed

A

Bronchiolitis

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4
Q

Bronchiolitis pathogen?

A

RSV

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5
Q

Bronchiolitis age

A

<1y

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6
Q

coryza, fever–> stridor –> barking cough, wheeze and hoarse

A

Croup

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7
Q

Croup age

A

6m-2y

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8
Q

Who should be admitted in croup

A

mod/sev/<6m

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9
Q

Epiglottitis age

A

1-6y

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10
Q

What do contacts get in epiglottitis

A

Rifampicin prophylaxis

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11
Q

Cold agglutins indicate what?

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

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12
Q

What do cold agglutins cause?

A

Haemolytic anaemia

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13
Q

4w old with stridor?

A

Laryngomalacia

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14
Q

Do you treat wheezy baby with or without asthma differently?

A

no

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15
Q

a wheeze developed <2y is likely to persist into childhood? t/f

A

false likely to become asymptomatic mid childhood

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16
Q

Assessing probability of asthma in an older child

A

PEFR measurements 2-4w, take mean variability- if >20% = positive test

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17
Q

Unsure of asthma diagnosis wyd?

A

Either watchful waiting with review, or monitored initiation of rx (6-8w bronchodilator then diagnose or not)

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18
Q

asthma maintenance steps

A
  1. SABA
    • very low dose ICS
  3. +LABA (or LTRA)
  4. ±LABA, increase ICS to low, add LTRA/LAMA (refer if <5yo)
  5. Increase ICS to medium or add 4th drug e.g. theophylline and refer
  6. Daily steroid tabs, maintain medium ICS
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19
Q

Example of ICS in paeds

A

fluticasone or budesonide

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20
Q

Moderate acute asthma =

A

PEFR 50%

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21
Q

Acute severe asthma?

Study These Flashcards
A

sentences

33-50%

HR >140/125 (under/over 5yo)

RR>40/30

22
Q

Life threatening asthma

Study These Flashcards
A

SpO2 <92%

PEF <33%

Silent chest, cyanosis etc

23
Q

Management acute asthma

Study These Flashcards
A

O2

Salbutamol inh in mild/mod 2-10puffs/10-20m

neb in AS/LT- O2 driven, 2.5-5mg/20-30min

Prednisolone (10mg <2y, 20mg 2-5y, 30-40mg >5y) for 3 days

Ipratropium if refactory 250mcg added to the salbut nebs every 20-30m

24
Q

Length of whooping cough

25
Erythromycin is only effective at what stage of whooping cough?
Before the whoop is heard (paroxysmal stage) so give early in the catarrhal stage
26
Normal APGAR at one minute
7-10
27
If baby isn't breathing at 1m what is done?
Head to neutral and 5 inflation breaths
28
what if not breathing after first 5 inflation breaths?
Recheck head position Consider 2 person airway control or other airway manoeuvres Repeat inflation breaths
29
What do you do once breaths are successful but HR<60BPM?
Chest compresssions 3:1 breath
30
How often do you reassess HR
30s
31
Main cause gastroenteritis
Rotavirus
32
Recommended volume of formula feed?
150ml/kg/24hr (given in 6-8 daily feeds)
33
Rx GORD
Only if FTT/faltering Check volume of feed 1st line Thickening agents 2nd line gaviscon 3rd PPH/H2 receptor antag General: upright position, wind Surgical fundoplication if recurrent aspiration
34
left subclavicular thrill continuous 'machinery' murmur large volume, bounding, collapsing pulse wide pulse pressure heaving apex beat
PDA
35
ejection systolic murmur, fixed splitting of S2
ASD
36
harsh pan-systolic murmur at lower left systolic edge which is louder in smaller defects Parasternal thrill
VSD
37
Boot shaped heart and oligaemic lung fields on CXR
Tetralogy
38
Rx PDA
Prostaglandin inhibitors- NSAIDs
39
when do you give babies prostaglandins?
In transposition of great vessels to keep DA open
40
Weak femoral pulses, BP higher in arms
Coarcatation of the aorta
41
Cardiac assoc with Turners
Coractation and bicuspid valves
42
Hand preference before ___ is worrying
10m
43
when can they sit?
6m
44
When do children get stranger anxiety
7m
45
When do children drink from cup
15m
46
When is attachment behaviour seen
6-36m
47
What are insecure avoidant infants like
Suppress emotion
48
What are securely attached infants like
distressed in absence of caregiver, happy when return
49
What are insecure ambivalent attachment infants like
distressed on separation, angry on reunion
50
What are disorganised attached children like
mix of no emotion/distressed and angry
51
Abnormalities must be present before ___ for a diagnosis of ASD
36m

4th year Paeds (13 decks)

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