Self and social recognition

Question 1

How is self identity a cognitive construct

Answer 1

INTERNALISED VIEW
>Individual view: How you see yourself
>Collective view: How you think others see you

Question 2

What is self-esteem?

Answer 2

> Self-liking
Self-regard
Self-respect

Question 3

What is the multi-domain approach?

Answer 3

> Many identities
Several competencies
Behave differently depending on situation

Question 4

What is linked to low self esteem?

Answer 4

> Personal/ social problems

Question 5

What can low self esteem lead to?

Answer 5

> Low self efficacy

>Treatment compliance

Question 6

What is the cycle of low self esteem

Answer 6

Low self esteem—> Negative expectations—> Low effort, high anxiety—> failure—> self blame—> low self esteem

Question 7

What are domains of competence

Answer 7

> Perceived competence in domain judged important influences self esteem

Question 8

What is The Looking Glass Self conceptualisation?

Answer 8

> Ourselves as others see us

>Self appraised by others reactions

Question 9

Who came up with the social comparison theory?

Answer 9

> Festinger

Question 10

What is the social comparison theory?

Answer 10

> Drive for self evaluation
Compare our self to others >Use social & relationship info
Selective

Question 11

Functions of social comparison theory

Answer 11

> Validate sown attitudes & behaviours
Self esteem maintenance
Self-serving biases
Downward comparisons

Question 12

What is a self serving- bias

Answer 12

> Unrealistic optimism

>Unrealistic positive self views

Question 13

Who came up with unrealistic optimism?

Answer 13

> Weinstein

Question 14

Where is unrealistic optimism less apparent ?

Answer 14

> Depression

Question 15

What does media do

Answer 15

> Appearance focused

>Encourages downwards & upwards comparisons

Question 16

Negatives of social media

Answer 16

> Sleep
Mental health
Cyber bullying

Question 17

What is damaging about social media comparisons?

Answer 17

> frequency

Question 18

Developing self concept in young children

Answer 18

>2 years: visual self-concept
>Self- categorise
   >Age
   >Gender
   >Appearance

Question 19

Developing self concepts in older children

Answer 19

> Internal attributes
Likes
>Feelings

Question 20

Developing self concepts in adolescents

Answer 20

> More subtle
Abstract
Complex

Question 21

Children concepts of others:

What is perspective talking> what experiment observes it?

Answer 21

> Understanding someone has another view

>3 mountain problem

Question 22

Children’s concepts of others: Theory of mind

Answer 22

> Ideas on own & others beliefs and feelings

>Autism> poor

Question 23

What is Baron- Cohens definition of autism?

Answer 23

> Disability in relation to social functioning & adapting to change

Question 24

When does perceptive and theory of mind occur

Answer 24

> 3-4 years

>Earlier in girls

Question 25

How do we form impressions of others?

Answer 25

>Physical appearance >First and last impressions (Primary & recency effect) >Personality traits

Question 26

What is stereotyping?

Answer 26

>Fixed, over-generalised beliefs> groups & classes | >Use personality traits to describe based on appearance

Question 27

What are the 3 processes of stereotyping?

Answer 27

>Identify category/ group >Assign features >Generalise features to all in group

Question 28

Why do we stereotype?

Answer 28

>Understand large amounts of social info | >Cognitive miser

Question 29

What leads to discriminating?

Answer 29

Negative stereotyping--> Prejudice--> Discrimination

Question 30

What do stereotyping and perception of others have in common?

Answer 30

>Over- generalisations >Slow to change >Self-fulfilling >Top-down processing

Question 31

What is the halo effect?

Answer 31

>What is beautiful is good | >Aggregation of other good qualities

Question 32

What are the determinants of liking?

Answer 32

>Physical attractiveness >Proximity >Familiarity >Similarity

Question 33

What is assortative mating

Answer 33

>Become more similar