Self-report and case studies

Question 1

Self report is what

Answer 1

Involve research that uses the participants’ own accounts of their behaviour or experience

Question 2

Questionnaire

Answer 2

when participants answer written questions by themselves either on paper or online

Question 3

Likert scale

Answer 3

uses statements to which participants answer whether they think they agree/ disagree

Question 4

Rating scale

Answer 4

questions or statements where the participant gives an answer in the form of a number

e.g how happy are you
10= very happy
0= not happy at all

Question 5

Open ended questions

Answer 5

Questions that allow participants to develop an answer and write it in their own words

Question 6

Closed questions

Answer 6

Questions where participants have to choose from a set of pre-determined responses e.g yes/ no

Question 7

Example of a study that used questionnaires

Answer 7

Laney used multiple questionnaires with closed questions e.g MBQ, FHI, FPQ, FCQ

Question 8

Strengths of using a questionnaire

2

Answer 8

• allows you to gather many responses therefore including a large sample, improving representativeness and generalisability
• more likely to be truthful due to the fact that they are not answering the questions face to face

Question 9

Weaknesses of questionnaire

2

Answer 9

• socially desriable answers may be given as they want to look good rather than give truthful answers decreasing validity
• closed questions force ppts to give one answer and therefore doesn’t reflect their true opinion

Question 10

Case study

Answer 10

• an intensive description and analysis of a single individual or group
• of people with behaviour that is a rare or unique occurrence

Question 11

Example of case study

Answer 11

Saveedra and silverman successfully treated a 9 year old boy with a button phobia using exposure based CBT

Question 12

Strengths of case studies

3

Answer 12

• collects rich, in depth data that has details increasing validity
• high e.v as partipants are studied in their natural environment, as a part of their every day life
• ppts can be studied over a long period of time therfore developmental changes can be recorded

Question 13

Weaknesses of case studies

2

Answer 13

• an attachment might form between the researcher and the ppts reducing the objectivity of the data collection and analysis of data, reducing validity
• focus on one individual therfore it is not generalisable

Question 14

Interviews

Answer 14

where questions are asked to a particpant and interviewer notes down the response

Question 15

Scructured interview features

2

Answer 15

• set order of questions
• each participant asked the same questions in same order

Question 16

semi-structured interview features

2

Answer 16

• contain certain questions that must be asked
• these questions do not have a set order thus followup questions can be asked

Question 17

Unstructured interview features

2

Answer 17

• interviewers have a topic or theme to follw
• may have set intitial question but the rest are based on responses given by participant

Question 18

Strengths of interviews

2

Answer 18

• allows for participants to express their true opinions and reveal why they behave a certain way due to presence of open ended questions
• ppts are given opportunity to express a range of feelings

Question 19

Weaknesses of interviews

2

Answer 19

• social desirability , as it is face to face, meaning ppts won’t give truthful answers as they don’t want to be judged
• leading questions could affect the validity of the data collected