Self Report techniques Flashcards
A term where a participant needs to give info about themsleves! (21 cards)
What is self report?
Overarching term for any method which requires the participant to give info about themsleves (eg: questionairres, interviews)
What are questionnaires?
A type of self report data useful for surveying attitudes/beliefs and behaviours.
Provides both quantitative and qualitative data.
What are open questions?
Participants can respond in any way, in their own way (producing lots of qualitative data, harder to anaylyse but more depth)
What are closed questions?
The participants ar elimited in response (ticking an option, or multiple choice)
Produces quantitative data, which is easier to anaylyse (however less depth response)
What is a likert scale?
Fixed choice response format to measure attitutes/opinions.
It measured levels of agreement from strongly agree, to strongly disagree, or like very important/little important, very frquently, not frequently, almost always, almost never…
What does a good questionairre have?
Quantitative and qualitative data
Open and closed ended questions
Clear English
Use likert type scales
What does a bad questionairre have?
it is ambigious
Uses double barreled (2 questions at once but only one answer) questions
It is leading
Complex language
What are strenghts of closed ender questions?
Objective and standardised anaylis of response
high reliability as all respondents asked same questions in order
quicker and faster to anaylyse
Weaknesses of close ended questions?
lacks rich details, which means less response and low internal valdiity
strenghts of open ended questions?
wualtitative data means lots of rich insights and high internal validity
participants have higher autonomy to elaborate
what are weaknesses of open ended questions?
subjective interpretation
qualitative data is difficult to analyse
time consuming
what are strenghts of ranked scale/likert scale?
objective way to rep feelings and attitudes
quantitative data easier to anaylyse
weaknesses of ranked scale/likert scale?
social desirability bias
response bias (may circle all middle answers).
What is a structured interview?
interviewer has pre written set of questions that they do NOT deviate from and all participants are asked the same q’s in order.
What is an unstructured interview?
interviewer may have a few questions in mind, but no set questions. instead flexibility to pick up on participants q’s + expand.
What are semi structured interviews?
between unstructured ans structured.
there are pre set questions, but responmdent can also expand on their answers- and the interview can ask follow ups.
Strenghts of a structured interview?
High reliability as all respnsdents asked same questions in same order
accesible and generisaible to a larger target pop
weaknessses of strcutred inteview?
Lacks rich detail as interview is not flexible.
low internal validity as no follow ups.
strneghts of unsturctured interview?
qualitative data with lots of rich insight
high internal validity as interview has deeper understanding.
weaknesses of unstructured interview?
difficult to anaylyse
subjective interpretation
What is researches bias/effects and how does it affect interviews?
interviewer have bias or expactations that interviewer could have unconsicous behaviousr that encourage paritcipants to act certainly.
