Semantics Flashcards
(22 cards)
Semantics
the study of the linguistic meaning of morphemes, words, phrases and sentences
Meaning relationships
Taxonomic
Attributive
Part-whole
Functional
Taxonomic meaning relationships
Superordinate (Textiles arts)
Ordinate (Needlework, Dyeing and printing)
Subordinate (crochet/knitting/sewing, resist dyeing/garment dyeing)
Hierarchical network models
- Based on the cognitive economy
- Intersection search → two nodes are activated, and we continue to search for relevant information until the two items in the search intersect
- Higher node in relation to another node → longer reaction time
Non hierarchical models
interconnectedness without levels
Spreading activation model
Not strictly hierarchical, web of interconnections
Distance between nodes of spreading activation model is determined by
Structural characteristics - taxonomic relations
Typicality and degree of association between related concepts
May include phonological, syntactic and morphological aspects of words
Variables that affect lexical access
- Semantic word associations - when a word presented earlier activates another semantically related word
- Syntactic variables
- Frequency
- Phonological variables
- Pragmatic variables
Semantic roles- Agent
Do-er of the action
Semantic roles- Patient/object
Recipient of the action
Semantic roles- Location
The position or position change of the patient/object
Semantic roles- Goal
Where the action is directed
Semantic roles- Source
Where the action originated
Semantic meaning relations
the relationship between words/phrases in an utterance
Semantic meaning relations- location
Describe the direction or spatial relationship of two objects
Semantic meaning relations- posession/temporal
- Possession marks the ownership or potential ownership of an object
Semantic meaning relations- Experience
An experience such as wanting, knowing, liking or feeling
Semantic meaning relations- Attribution
Description of some person, animal or thing
Semantic meaning relations- Function
Characteristic or natural function of a being or thing; or an undefined action or event
Semantic meaning relations- purpose
Purpose of an object
Benefactive
concerns the identity of a potential owner of something
Temporal
Utterances where the only topic is the time of an event or the passage of time
