Semester #1 Review

Question 0

List the traits to the “characteristics of life.”

Answer 0

Homeostasis, Organized of Cells, Growth, Stimulus Response, Energy required, Adapt to their enviorment, Reproduce, Die, Excrete, Require water

Question 1

A(n) _______ organisms has only one cell to its structure.

Answer 1

unicellular

Question 2

The center of an atom is the _________.

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

The Three Subatomic particles and their charges are …

Answer 3

protons (+) electrons (-) Neutron (o)

Question 4

The bond formed by sharing electrons is ________.

Answer 4

covalent

Question 5

An _________ has extra neutrons

Answer 5

isotope

Question 6

Any substance that releases H+ in water is an _____.

Answer 6

acid

Question 7

When a _____ dissolves into a ______ a solution is formed

Answer 7

solute, solvent

Question 8

Nitrogen bonds _____ times

Answer 8

three

Question 9

Any substane containing C is ______.

Answer 9

Organic

Question 10

The functional group with the letters -COOH is called the _________ group.

Answer 10

Carboxyl

Question 11

The process of combining two monomers is called __________.

Answer 11

dehydration reaction

Question 12

The macromolecule group with a formula of CH20 is _________.

Answer 12

Carbohydrate

Question 13

The monomers of proteins are ________.

Answer 13

amino acids

Question 14

The molecule that interacts with an enzyme is the _________.

Answer 14

substrates

Question 15

Two molecules with the same formula but different shapes are ______.

Answer 15

isomers

Question 16

The monomer components of sucrose are _____ and _____.

Answer 16

glucose, fructose

Question 17

_________ is the carbohydrate used to store glucose in animals blood.

Answer 17

Glycogen

Question 18

_________ fats are liquid at room temperature and store energy in plants.

Answer 18

Unsaturated

Question 19

The _________ and _________ make up the cytoskeleton.

Answer 19

microfilaments, microtubules

Question 20

A _________ cell lacks a true nucleus.

Answer 20

prokaryote

Question 21

The _________ provides turgor pressure in a plant cell.

Answer 21

central vacuole

Question 22

The ________ does photosynthesis which take in light, ____ and ____.

Answer 22

chloroplast, CO2, H20

Question 23

The intake of large bulk molecules by engulfing is .. _________.

Answer 23

endocyctosis

Question 24

____ microscopes are great at looking at the surface of cells, but will kill the specimen

Answer 24

SEM

Question 25

_________ microscopes are instead used to study cells in our class

Answer 25

compoud light

Question 26

The _________ are lenses of the microscope closer to the specimen

Answer 26

objective

Question 27

________ has two outer membranes and provides cell energy

Answer 27

mitochondria

Question 28

________ and ______ are the main parts to the membrane

Answer 28

phospholipids, proteins

Question 29

DNA is packaged into 46 tight packages called _______.

Answer 29

choromosomes

Question 30

Body cells are called _______ cells.

Answer 30

somatic

Question 31

________ are the thought to be the substitute cytoskeleton.

Answer 31

Asters

Question 32

The steps of mitosis are --

Answer 32

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

Question 33

In mitosis the centromere split during _______.

Answer 33

Anaphase

Question 34

The ________ are microtubules that move chromosomes

Answer 34

spindle fibers

Question 35

Choromosomes come in pairs called ________.

Answer 35

homologous

Question 36

Seperating the tetrad ocurs during ________.

Answer 36

Anaphase 1 of meiosis

Question 37

A chromosome that is not a sex chromosme is called an ________.

Answer 37

autosome

Question 38

A _______ cell has 23 pairs of choromosmes, while a ______ has just 23

Answer 38

diploid, haploid

Question 39

________________ was the Father of Genetics

Answer 39

Gregor Mendel

Question 40

If two heterozygote tall plants mate __% of their offspring will probably be tall.

Answer 40

75

Question 41

One's physical appearance is called their ___________.

Answer 41

phenotype

Question 42

A _______________ allele is hidden by them dominant allele.

Answer 42

recessive

Question 43

Name an example of a codominant trait--

Answer 43

AB blood, speckled chicken

Question 44

The genotype of some one with O blood is ___

Answer 44

ii

Question 45

If two pink snapdragons mate ___% of their offspring will be red

Answer 45

25

Question 46

The law of ________ states when a particular gene in the gene pair for one trait to be passed to the offspring has nothing to do with selection of the gene for any other trait.

Answer 46

independant assortment

Question 47

Blood type is controlled by ___ alleles

Answer 47

3

Question 48

A trait that is affected by mane genes and many proteins is called ____________.

Answer 48

polygenic

Question 49

_________ is the disease with lung problems due to broken membrane protein.

Answer 49

cystic fibrosis

Question 50

DNA's full name is ____________.

Answer 50

Deoxyribos nucleic acid

Question 51

This enzyme used to replicate DNA is ________.

Answer 51

DNA polymerase

Question 52

Name the start codon

Answer 52

AUG

Question 53

A _______ is three nucleotides that code for one ________.

Answer 53

codon, amino acid

Question 54

A region of DNA that codes for 1 protein is a _____.

Answer 54

gene

Question 55

The process where RNA is made is _______.

Answer 55

transcription

Question 56

A _________ mutation is due to the misreading of the codons with the loss of a base.

Answer 56

frame shift

Question 57

______ carries amino aids to the ribosome

Answer 57

tRNA

Question 58

___________ syndrome is when you have only 1 X for a sex chromosome

Answer 58

Turner's

Question 59

___________ or changes in you DNA can be caused by the sun.

Answer 59

cancer

Question 60

Excessive ________ fats in your diet can lead to heart disease

Answer 60

saturated

Question 61

The ____ of house cleaners can burn your skin.

Answer 61

base

Question 62

_________ are inherited cause of cancer

Answer 62

Oncogenes

Question 63

The HLA tags attatched to a cell's _______ can cause the rejection of a transplant.

Answer 63

membrane