Semester 1 Test

Question 1

Does chemistry apply in agriculture?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Does technology technically have one correct answer?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Does the scientific method have to go in a certain order?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Define Energy

Answer 4

Ability to do work.

Question 5

Define Force

Answer 5

Push or pull.

Question 6

Define Work

Answer 6

Force moving an object.

Question 7

Describe and give the steps of the scientific method.

Answer 7

A logical series of steps used to solve problems.

Make observations, develop and test a hypothesis, create theories or scientific laws, repeat.

Question 8

What is the difference between theory and law?

Answer 8

Theories have exceptions laws do not.

Question 9

Define Chemistry

Answer 9

The study of the composition of matter and the changes it undergoes.

Question 10

Define Matter

Answer 10

Anything that has mass and volume.

Question 11

Define Mass

Answer 11

The measure of matter.

Question 12

Define Volume

Answer 12

The amount of space an object takes up.

Question 13

Define Observations

Answer 13

Using your five senses to collect data.

Question 14

Define Hypothesis

Answer 14

A testable educated guess.

Question 15

List and describe the two types of variables.

Answer 15

Manipulated: Controlled by the scientist.
Responding: The result.

Question 16

Define Technology

Answer 16

Anything that makes life easier for humans.

Question 17

How does chemistry apply to life?

Answer 17

There is some form of chemistry in all aspects of life. For example, when you eat food, biochemistry is occurring through your digestive systems.

Question 18

Why is the scientific method a good idea to follow in all science classes?

Answer 18

The scientific method can help you to solve any problem. So if one uses it in every science class it will teach them how to solve problems logically and they can use the method throughout their entire life.

Question 19

Are vapors and gases considered the same thing?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

Do any two substances have the same phase points?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

Define Vapor

Answer 21

The gaseous state of a substance that is a solid or liquid at room temp.

Question 22

Describe Filtration

Answer 22

The process of separating solids from liquids in heterogenous mixtures based on particle size.

Question 23

List and describe the two types of mixtures.

Answer 23

Homogenous: Composition is the same throughout.
Heterogenous: Composition is different throughout.

Question 24

Define Phase

Answer 24

Any substance with uniform composition and properties.

Question 25

What is a solution?

Answer 25

A homogenous mixture. | Same throughout.

Question 26

What is the difference between chemical and physical change?

Answer 26

Chemical Change: Changes the composition of a substance. | Physical Change: Changes the appearance of a substance.

Question 27

State the Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 27

In any physical or chemical change mass is conserved. Mass cannot be created or destroyed.

Question 28

Define Substance

Answer 28

Has a uniform and definite composition. The composition is fixed.

Question 29

List and define the three types of matter by their shape and volume.

Answer 29

Solid: Has definite shape and volume. Liquid: Has definite volume but no definite shape. Gas: Has neither definite shape nor volume.

Question 30

What phase of matter fills the whole container?

Answer 30

Gas

Question 31

What phase of matter takes the shape of the container?

Answer 31

Liquid

Question 32

What two types of matter can flow?

Answer 32

Gas and Liquid.

Question 33

Define Precipitate

Answer 33

When a solid form and settles from a liquid mixture.

Question 34

Define Element

Answer 34

The simplest form of matter with its own unique properties.

Question 35

Define Compound

Answer 35

Two or more elements chemically combined.

Question 36

``` Define: Boiling Freezing Melting Condensing ```

Answer 36

Boiling: L - G Freezing: L - S Melting: S - L Condensing: G - L

Question 37

Give two examples of how physical and chemical changes affect us every day.

Answer 37

Cook macaroni- Boil water | Drin water- compound

Question 38

What number is the Metric System based on?

Answer 38

10

Question 39

Define Temperature

Answer 39

The measure of the average kinetic energy of a particle or molecule.

Question 40

Define Weight

Answer 40

The pull of gravity on mass.

Question 41

What is the difference between precision and accuracy?

Answer 41

Precision: The measure of how close answers are to each other Accuracy: The measure of how close answers are to the true or given measurement.

Question 42

How can you be precise and accuarate?

Answer 42

Free throw example.

Question 43

Why do chemists use significant figures?

Answer 43

To reduce error.

Question 44

What is scientific notation used?

Answer 44

To save time and do not have o write as much.

Question 45

Why is it good for all scientists to use the metric system?

Answer 45

No confusion. Less converting. Save time.

Question 46

Have scientists found smaller particles called quarks?

Answer 46

Yes

Question 47

Define Isotope

Answer 47

Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. Changes the mass, not the behavior.

Question 48

Define Atom

Answer 48

The basic unit of matter.

Question 49

Describe the three subatomic particles.

Answer 49

Proton: positive, in the nucleus Neutron: neutral, in the nucleus Electron: Negative, outside of the nucleus.

Question 50

Define Atomic Number

Answer 50

The number of protons.

Question 51

What makes up the mass number?

Answer 51

Protons + Neutrons

Question 52

What are atoms mostly made up of?

Answer 52

Empty space.

Question 53

What is the overall charge of an atom?

Answer 53

Neutral

Question 54

Why does atomic weight have decimal points?

Answer 54

Because of the isotopes.

Question 55

How do atoms affect us?

Answer 55

Make lead to take the test. | Make up human beings.

Question 56

In what way do changes in atoms proceed?

Answer 56

To the lowest possible energy.

Question 57

Can we ever know the exact location and speed of an electron at the same time?

Answer 57

No

Question 58

Define Frequency

Answer 58

How often the crests hit a certain point.

Question 59

List four types of electromagnetic waves.

Answer 59

radio, microwave, UV, and X-ray

Question 60

Define Orbital

Answer 60

A path around an object.

Question 61

List and describe the shapes of the orbitals.

Answer 61

1. S - Spere Shape, 1 possible shape, 2 electrons. 2. P - Dumbell Shape, 3 possible shapes, 6 electrons. 3. D - clover Shape, 5 possible shapes, 10 electrons. 4. F - Quadrants, 7 possible shapes, 14 electrons.

Question 62

What are the lights (colors) of the spectrum?

Answer 62

ROY G BIV

Question 63

What is the difference between ground and excited states?

Answer 63

Ground: The lowest possible energy of an electron. Excited: An electron above the ground state.

Question 64

Define Photon

Answer 64

A quanta of energy.

Question 65

How do electrons in an atom move from one energy level to another?

Answer 65

Gain or lose energy.

Question 66

why is electron configuration important to chemistry?

Answer 66

Shows how many electrons there are in each level. Helps them to study and understand.

Question 67

How does light behave as particles and waves?

Answer 67

Light travels in waves when it goes through windows. It travels in particles when it bounces off objects and heats things up.

Question 68

Can different properties of elements be explained by their electron structure?

Answer 68

Yes

Question 69

Describe the representative elements.

Answer 69

Groups 1,2 - 13-17 A mix of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. The highest energy levels are not filled.

Question 70

Describe the transition elements.

Answer 70

Groups 3-12 | Two types: transition metals and inner transition metals.

Question 71

Describe the noble gases.

Answer 71

Group 18 Rarely react The highest energy level is filled.

Question 72

What determines the properties of an element?

Answer 72

Electrons

Question 73

Describe the periodic table.

Answer 73

An arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number with repeating chemical and physical properties.

Question 74

What are the three main classes of elements on the periodic table?

Answer 74

Metal, nonmetals, metalloids.

Question 75

Define Malleable

Answer 75

Can be hammered into thin sheets.

Question 76

Define Ductile

Answer 76

Can be drawn into wires.

Question 77

Define Luster

Answer 77

How reflective it is.

Question 78

Conductor

Answer 78

Heat and electricity can easily pass through.

Question 79

Define Ion

Answer 79

Electrically charged atom or group of atoms.

Question 80

What is the difference between cation and anion?

Answer 80

Cation: Positively charged, usually a metal. Anion: Negatively charged, usually a nonmetal.

Question 81

What four facts are usually in the squares on the periodic table?

Answer 81

Name, symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.

Question 82

Why is the periodic table important to us?

Answer 82

Shows every element and its facts. Also shows the elements' similarities in properties.

Question 83

What does periodic mean?

Answer 83

Periodic means repeating or occurring based on a pattern.