semester 2 final

Question 1

Kinetic energy equation

Answer 1

KE = 1/2mv^2

Question 2

Potential gravitational energy equation

Answer 2

GPE = mgh

Question 3

elastic energy equation

Answer 3

Eel = 1/2kx^2

Question 4

what is work

Answer 4

a force applied over a distance

-the force has to be in the same direction of motion

Question 5

what is power

Answer 5

work divided by time

Question 6

what is the difference between work and power

Answer 6

work is force applied and power is force applied over time

Question 7

define momentum

Answer 7

when you’re moving, momentum keeps you moving
object w a lot of momentum is hard to stop
-p=mv

Question 8

define inertia

Answer 8

Fnet x t

I = F/t

Question 9

what is impulse

Answer 9

the change in momentum

Question 10

what is the law of conservation of momentum

Answer 10

the total momentum before a collision = the total momentum after a collision

Question 11

what’s an elastic collision

Answer 11

colliding objects bounce off of one another

Question 12

what’s an inelastic collision

Answer 12

colliding objects stick together

Question 13

the area underneath a force vs time graph tells you what

Answer 13

Impulse or change in momentum

Question 14

describe charging by conduction

Answer 14

charging a neutral object without touching it

Question 15

describe charging by induction

Answer 15

taking a charged object and transferring that energy to uncharged objects, making the charges in the uncharged spheres separate

Question 16

______ charges attract

Answer 16

opposite

Question 17

_______ charges repel

Answer 17

like

Question 18

what is electron affinity

Answer 18

the change in energy of a neutral atom when an electron is added

Question 19

Charge of 1 electron

Answer 19

1 electron = -1.6 x 10^-19 C

Question 20

what is Ohm’s law

Answer 20

V = IR

• v = voltage
• I= current
• r = resistors

Question 21

define voltage

Answer 21

volts produce electric field to cause current to flow

Question 22

define current

Answer 22

amount of charge that passes a spot in a given amount of time

Question 23

define resistors

Answer 23

the only component in a circuit that reduces the amount of current that passes through that part of the circuit

Question 24

what factors do affect the speed of mechanical waves

Answer 24

The medium

Question 25

what factors don't affect the speed of mechanical waves

Answer 25

Amplitude, wavelength, frequency, etc

Question 26

describe the Doppler effect

Answer 26

the effect produced by a moving source of waves in which there is an apparent upward shift in frequency for observers towards whom the source is approaching and an apparent downward shift in frequency for observers from whom the source is receding

Question 27

what is the wave equation

Answer 27

Frequency x wavelength

Question 28

describe rotational inertia

Answer 28

resistance to change in rotating motion

Question 29

what factors affect rotational inertia

Answer 29

- mass - distribution of mass * the farther the mass is located from the axis of rotation, the higher the rotational inertia*

Question 30

what is angular momentum

Answer 30

L= Iw L- angular momentum I- rotational inertia w- angular velocity

Question 31

what is rotational speed

Answer 31

number of rotations in a certain amount of time - aka frequency - measured in RPM(revolutions per minute) or Hertz(revolutions per second)

Question 32

what is a centripetal force

Answer 32

pulls together

Question 33

what is a centrifugal force

Answer 33

pushes apart

Question 34

define tangential velocity

Answer 34

V= 2pi(r)/time

Question 35

law of universal gravitation

Answer 35

Fg = Gm1m2/r^2

Question 36

cosF x D

Answer 36

work

Question 37

work is measured in _____

Answer 37

Joules

Question 38

power is measured in

Answer 38

joules/second | -aka a watt

Question 39

to change momentum must apply ________

Answer 39

a net force

Question 40

coefficient of restitution

Answer 40

measures elasticity of material - 1 is perfectly elastic - 0 is perfectly inelastic

Question 41

6.25 x 10^18 e-

Answer 41

1 coulomb

Question 42

F = k(q1q2)/r^2

Answer 42

coulomb's law

Question 43

I = change in Coulomb's/change in time

Answer 43

current

Question 44

Coulomb's/second

Answer 44

amp

Question 45

to produce electricity you need what?

Answer 45

a closed loop/circuit

Question 46

things ____ about its internal axis

Answer 46

rotate

Question 47

things _____ about an external axis

Answer 47

revolve

Question 48

tangential speed

Answer 48

speed of something as it moves along a circular path

Question 49

T= 1/f

Answer 49

period

Question 50

Hooke's Law

Answer 50

K= change in F/change in X

Question 51

velocity in SHM

Answer 51

- positive to the right and negative to the left - zero at the end points - max at midpoint in either direction

Question 52

acceleration in SHM

Answer 52

- positive when x is negative - negative when x positive - zero at the center - max at the endpoints

Question 53

period and frequency are ___________ related

Answer 53

inversely

Question 54

To change the momentum of an object you must change either the ______or________

Answer 54

Mass or velocity

Question 55

Ac= v^2/r

Answer 55

Centripetal acceleration

Question 56

Fc= mv^2/r

Answer 56

Centripetal force