semi conservative Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is DNA replication?
The process that occurs within the cell cycle before cell division, specifically during the S phase, to ensure new cells have a full copy of DNA.
What is meant by semiconservative replication?
In daughter DNA, one strand is from the parental DNA and one strand is newly synthesized.
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
- Adenine
- Cytosine
- Guanine
- Thymine
Which nitrogenous bases pair together in DNA?
- Adenine pairs with Thymine
- Cytosine pairs with Guanine
What is the role of complementary base pairs in DNA replication?
They enable identical copies of DNA to be created and help reduce copying errors.
What is the function of DNA helicase?
It breaks the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases, causing the double helix to unwind and the two strands to separate.
What occurs after the strands of DNA are separated?
Each strand acts as a template for complementary DNA nucleotides to align opposite their complementary bases.
What is the significance of the condensation reaction in DNA replication?
It removes a water molecule to form a phosphodiester bond between adjacent nucleotides.
What is the function of DNA polymerase?
To join together adjacent nucleotides and create a DNA polymer.
Fill in the blank: The new DNA strands consist of one _______ strand and one newly synthesized strand.
original
What does the term ‘daughter DNA’ refer to?
The DNA created during replication which consists of one original and one newly synthesized strand.
What happens to the parental DNA during replication?
It is split in half, with one strand conserved in each daughter DNA molecule.
True or False: DNA replication is a process that occurs during the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
False
What are the key steps in DNA replication?
- DNA helicase unwinds the double helix
- Template strands are formed
- DNA nucleotides align with complementary bases
- DNA polymerase joins nucleotides to form a new strand
What is the primary outcome of DNA replication?
The creation of two identical DNA molecules, each containing one original and one new strand.
