sensation and perception

Question 1

absolute threshold

Answer 1

the minimum amount of stimulation required to trigger a reaction or produce a sensation

Question 2

difference threshold

Answer 2

the minimum increase in a stimulus required to detect a difference in the perception

Question 3

signal detection theory

Answer 3

detection depends on experience, expectations, alertness

Question 4

sensory adaptation

Answer 4

diminished sensitivity as a result of constant stimulation

Question 5

sensory habituation

Answer 5

diminished sensitivity due to regular exposure

Question 6

perceptual set

Answer 6

tendency to see something as part of a group

Question 7

inattentional blindness

Answer 7

failure to notice something added because you’re so focused on another task

Question 8

cocktail party effect

Answer 8

notice your name across the room when its spoken of when you weren’t previously paying attention

Question 9

cornea

Answer 9

protects eye

Question 10

pupil/iris

Answer 10

controls amounts of light entering eye

Question 11

lens

Answer 11

focuses light on retina

Question 12

rods

Answer 12

black and white

Question 13

cones

Answer 13

colors

Question 14

visual capture

Answer 14

visual system trumps all others

for example: nauseous in a movie theater; vision trumps vestibular

Question 15

monocular cues

Answer 15

how we form a 3D image from a 2D image

size, height, shape, light, shadows, perspective, etc

Question 16

interposition

Answer 16

overlapping images appear closer

Question 17

binocular cues

Answer 17

how both eyes make up 3D objects

Question 18

top down processing

Answer 18

do whole first, then do smaller parts (ex: painting)

Question 19

bottom-up processing

Answer 19

smaller parts, then whole

Question 20

pinna

Answer 20

visible part of ear

Question 21

auditory canal

Answer 21

sound enters here

Question 22

ear drum

Answer 22

vibrates the incoming sound and sends it further

Question 23

hammer, anvil, stirrup

Answer 23

transmit sound and send it to the inner ear

Question 24

cochlea

Answer 24

spiral, produces nerve impulses in reaction to sound

Question 25

auditory nerve

Answer 25

carries sound information all the way to the brain

Question 26

vestibular sense

Answer 26

sense of balance (semicircular canals in inner ear effect this)

Question 27

semicircular canals

Answer 27

three liquid filled tubes in ears that regulate balance

Question 28

kinisthetic

Answer 28

sense of body position

Question 29

gate control theory

Answer 29

we have a “gate” to control how much pain is experienced

Question 30

5 taste receptors for taste

Answer 30

bitter, sweet, salty, sour, umami

Question 31

gesalt psychology

Answer 31

whole is greater than sum of its parts

principles about grouping and sensation of things