Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

kol- Med Surg 320 Spring > Sensory > Flashcards

Sensory Flashcards

1
Q

thin mucous membrane that covers and protects the eye

A

conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

causes of conjunctivitis

A

allergic
bacterial
chlamydia trachomatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

types of conjunctivitis that can be spread to another?

A

only infectious so not allergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Allergic Conjunctivitis Assessment:

A

Sensation of burning, “bloodshot” appearance, excessive tears, itching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bacterial conjunctivitis assessment

A

Blood vessel dilation, edema, tears, discharge (watery then mucus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

interventions for bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Obtain cultures, Antibiotic eyedrops, prevent spread of infection,
Wash hands
Do not share washcloths and towels
Discard makeup and contacts used at time infection began

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia

A

Trachoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

assessment of trachoma

A

Similar to bacterial conjunctivitis at first > follicles form on upper eyelid, eyelid scars, turns inward and lashes damage the cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

trachoma interventions

A

Antibiotic therapy (oral azithromycin), tetracycline eye ointment, infection control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

conjunctivitis that can lead to blindness

A

trachoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Lens opacity/ lens cloudiness

A

cataract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the clear portion of the eye that helps to focus images onto the retina

A

lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are cataracts? primary cause?

A

> With aging (and with various conditions like sun exposure), the lens changes and areas of cloudiness form.
The areas can get larger over time (water loss, protein clumping), obstructing vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

risk factors for cataracts

A 
**Age
Injury
**Sun exposure --> wear sunglasses/hats
Family history
Diabetes
Steroid use
Eye disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vision changes in cataracts

A 
Description of vision
--Blurred vision
--Decreased color perception
--Double vision 
Activities of daily living difficulties 
Sensitivity to light
"Halos" seen around light
Poor night vision
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

advanced practitioner assessment of cataracts

A

Absent red reflex +/-

Difficult to view the retina on exam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cataract prevention

A

wear sunglasses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

post op cataract surgery

A 
Post-op eyedrops
Avoid sun exposure 
-Dark lenses/ night patch
-Report 
	Pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting - increased ICP
	Sharp, sudden eye pain
	Bleeding
	Green or yellow discharge
	Lid swelling…
-Activity restrictions- avoid things that increase ICP - coughing/sneezing/ straining w/ BM, heavy lifting/ vacuuming 
-infection education
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when do you see vision improvement with cataract surgery?

A

1 day + 4-6 weeks complete improvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Group of disorders that cause increased intraocular pressure in the eye with peripheral vision loss

A

glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

glaucoma patho

A
  • Precise amount of gel and fluid must exist within the eye in order to maintain correct pressure so that eye maintains its ball-shape
  • ->Dependent on production and outflow of aqueous humor
  • ->If pressure is too high > compression of blood vessels, photoreceptors and nerve fibers > nerve death > blindness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

2 types of primary glaucoma

A
  • Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) - most common
  • Affects both eyes
  • Aqueous humor through chamber angle is reduced –> increase IOP
  • Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG/ acute)
  • Sudden onset, Forward displacement of the iris  Closes chamber angle
  • Emergency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

most common type of glaucoma

A

primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)

^^sounds like a chair from ikea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

type of glaucoma that is an emergency

A

-Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG/ acute)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is secondary glaucoma?

A
  • Identifiable cause (injury, drugs, surgery, inflammation…)

- Associated with systemic disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

-Aqueous humor through chamber angle is reduced –> increase IOP

A

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)

27
Q

-Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG/ acute) has ______ onset and …..

A

-Sudden onset, Forward displacement of the iris > Closes chamber angle

28
Q

assessment for open angle glaucoma

A 
History
Vision may be foggy
Mild eye aching
Headache
Halos
*slow Loss of peripheral vision/ no improvement with glasses
29
Q

PACG - acute assessment

A
  • Severe pain around eyes
  • Pain radiates over face
  • Reddened sclera
  • Foggy cornea
  • Dilated, nonreactive pupil
30
Q

diagnostics for glaucoma

A

Tonometry- measures IOP: puff of air
>Normal 10-21 mm Hg
>POAG 22-32
>PACG >30

Perimetry- Visual field testing
Gonioscopy- visualize front of eye
Imaging of optic nerve

31
Q

tonometry :

normal, poag, pacg

A

> Normal 10-21 mm Hg
POAG 22-32
PACG >30

32
Q

Visual field testing

A

Perimetry

33
Q

test to visualize front of eye

A

Gonioscopy

34
Q

test with puff of air in the eye

A

Tonometry

35
Q

interventions for glaucoma

A

Early detection
Ophthalmic drugs: eye drops
Implanted shunt if meds don’t work

36
Q

education for glaucoma

A

-Promote Independence
-Drug adherence
-Proper technique:
Wash hands
Punctal occlusion –> prevent systemic exposure
Avoiding wash out

37
Q

Deterioration of the area of central vision

A

Macular Degeneration

38
Q

Most common type of Macular Degeneration

A

Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration

39
Q

patho of Dry Age-related Macular Degeneration

A
  • Gradual blockage of retinal capillaries
  • Retinal cells become ischemic and necrosed
  • Central vision declines until all vision is lost
40
Q

Dry AMD Risk Factors

A 
Smoking
Hypertension
Gender
Short Stature
Carotene and Vitamin E low in diet
41
Q

AMD (wet)

A

growth of new blood vessels

42
Q

Exudative MD occurs at

A

any age

43
Q

assessment for macular degeneration

A

Central vision loss/ Eye exam
Amsler grid
Fluorescein angiography and Optical coherence tomography

44
Q

interventions for macular degeneration

A

Slowing the disease process/ Monitoring
Pharmacology
Laser therapy: Wet form of macular generation

45
Q

vision loss nursing priorities

A

-safety of environment and promote independence

46
Q

patho of retinal detachments

A

=Separation of the retina from the epithelium

47
Q

assessment of retinal detachment

A
  • Sudden and painless
  • Photopsia
  • Visual field loss corresponds to area of detachment (partial loss)
  • Seen as gray bulges in retina or folds in retina
48
Q

interventions for retinal detachment

A

-Surgery: Scleral buckling and placement of silicone oil
(General Anesthesia)
-Alleviating stress
-Restrict head movement

49
Q

post op retinal detachment surgery interventions

A
  • Eye patch (pre/post)
  • Restrict head movement
  • Avoid reading/ fine eye movements for 2 weeks
50
Q

retinal detachment complications after surgery

A

Infection

Detachment again

51
Q

types of hearing loss

A

Conductive- sound waves are blocked from contact with inner ear nerve fibers

  • From middle ear or external ear damage/ disorder
  • Corrected with minimal to no damage

Sensorineural- inner ear sensory nerve is damaged
-Often permanent
Presbycusis=sensorinural that occurs with aging

Combined

52
Q

sound waves are blocked from contact with inner ear nerve fibers

A

conductive hearing loss

53
Q

inner ear sensory nerve is damaged

A

Sensorineural

54
Q

type of hearing loss that is often permanent

A

Sensorineural

55
Q

type of hearing loss corrected with minimal to no damage

A

conductive

56
Q

sensorinural hearing loss that occurs with aging

A

Presbycusis

57
Q

Preventing Hearing Loss

A
  • Noise pollution - wear ear phones w/ loud noises
  • Ear probing
  • Hearing tests
58
Q

assessment for hearing loss

A
  • History
  • Presence of vertigo
  • Presence of tinnitus
  • High frequency consonants
  • Hearing mumbling
  • Tuning fork
  • Otoscopic exam
  • Audiometry
59
Q

nursing interventions for hearing gloss

A

Use of assistive devices
Improved communication
Support for family and client
Finding support services

60
Q

how to use new hearing aid

A
  • Slowly introduce hearing aid – everything is louder including background noise, wear for short period of time each day , don’t go to somewhere loud at first
  • Educate on hearing aid care
61
Q

hearing loss surgery interventions

A

Infection prevention
Education
Ear-up for 12 hours post-op

62
Q

priority assessment for sensory loss

A

communication and anxiety

63
Q

increase carotin and vitamin E for preventing/treating what disease?

A

Dry AMD

kol- Med Surg 320 Spring (43 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions