serotonin Flashcards
(15 cards)
serotonin syndrome?
when an individual is given medication such as SSRIs in too high doses.
this causes too much serotonin to be in the body and is a form of poisoning.
causes tachycardia, headaches, extreme fatigue, weakness.
what is serotonin synthesised from?
trytophan
synthesis of serotonin.
- trytophan - hydroxyl —-trytophan hydroxylase —-> 5-HTO.
- 5-HTO - carboxyl —–5HT decarboxylase—>
serotonin.
how is serotonin removed from synapse?
- by reuptake.
- degradation by MAO.
where are serotonergic nuclei located?
- midline raphe.
- caudal raphe nuclei.
- rostral raphe.
what is the rate-limiting enzyme in 5HT synthesis?
TPH.
what are the 2 types of genes that code for TPH?
- TPH1- expressed in periphery.
- TPH2 - expressed preferentially in the brain.
how can levels of 5HT be altered in the brain?
- drugs.
- low-tryptophan diet.
what are the 2 isoforms of MAO?
- MAOA.
- MAOB.
What are MAOI used to treat?
depression
what receptors are 5-HT1A, B and D?
presyn metabo receptors.
what receptors are 5HT1E-F and 5HT2A-2C?
postsyn metabo receptors.
what receptors are 5-HT3?
ionotropic.
what does cocaine block?
Cocaine blocks the 3 transporters and thereby blocks reuptake of all 3 NTS after normal vesicular release.
which serotonin receptor is permeable for ca2+?
5-HT3.
