Session 2 Flashcards
(12 cards)
Where does the pronephros start?
What and role of pronephros?
The cervical region
It’s a duct and it drives the development of the mesenephros developmental stage. The pronephros stretches from the cervical region to the cloaca.
Describe the development of the mesonephros and why it isn’t enough?
Mesonephric tubules form caudal to the pronephric region. The mesonephric tubules plus the mesonephric duct form the embryonic kidney.
But no water conserving function.
Role of mesonephric duct in producing the definitive kidney?
What is the ureteric bud?
The mesonephric duct sprouts the ureteric bud which induces development of the definitive kidney.
Undifferentiated intermediate mesoderm caudal to mesonephros. It has metanephros in the tissue.
How does the ureteric bud form calyx and the renal pelvis? As well as the kidneys function?
The ureter bud contracts the metanephric blastema and the bud expands and branches.
The ureteric bud derives the collecting system.
The excretory system is derived from the intermediate mesoderm under the influence of the ureteric bud.
What do we mean by the “ascent of the kidney”?
metanephric kidney starts in the pelvic region. It under goes a caudal to cranial shift crossing the arterial fork formed by vessels returning blood from foetus to placenta.
Uses the cloaca.
How can development of the kidneys go wrong?
Ectopic kidney
Pelvic kidney
Renal agenisis (intermediate mesoderm and ureteric bud don’t interact)
Ectopic urethral orifices (bud splits giving another urethral opening)
What is the urogenital sinus?
Created from the hindgut by the urorectal septum. It’s continuous with the umbilicus.
In development the superior part turns to bladder and inferior minor part turns to urethra.
What forms the female urethra?
4 parts of male urethra?
The pelvic part of the eurogenital sinus.
Pre-prostatic
Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy
Hypospadias?
What does the urogenital sinus eventually come?
Defect in fusion of urethral folds so opens on ventral surface rather than on glans.
Medial umbilical ligament
What vein can be seen on a CT scan in the lumbar spinal region?
Look up images of minor calix,major calix and renal pelvis.
Two small arteries coming of the abdominal aorta?
Renal vein
Sup mesenteric artery and inf mesenteric artery
What level is the hilum found?
L1
Describe ureteric bud formation
The mesonephric duct sprouts the ureteric duct
