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NCLEX-RN > Set 2 > Flashcards

Set 2 Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

PSA (prostatic surface antigen)

A

Blood levels increase as the prostate gland enlarges

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2
Q

Hodgkins disease effect on male sterility

A

Decreases sperm count and motility before any therapy

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3
Q

Radiation therapy effect on male sterility

A

Often results in permanent sterility

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4
Q

Fine crackles

A

Short, high pitched sounds heard just before the end of inspiration

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5
Q

Wheezing

A

Continuous high pitched squeaking or musical sound. First evident on expiration

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6
Q

Pleural friction rub

A

creaking or grating sound heard during inspiration, expiration and no change with coughing

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7
Q

Febrile blood transfusion reaction

A

sudden fever, chills, headache, muscle pain and flushing

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8
Q

Allergic reaction to blood transfusion

A

Flushing, itching, uticaria (hives or rash)

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9
Q

Anaphylactic reaction

A

exaggerated allergic response that progresses to shock and cardiac arrest

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10
Q

Acute hemolytic reaction

A

Fever and chills but is hallmarked by presence of low back pain, tachycardia, tachypnea, vascular collapse, hemoglobinuria, dark urine, acute renal failure, shock, cardiac arrest, and even death

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11
Q

Normal QRS interval

A

0.04-0.12

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12
Q

Normal T wave interval

A

0.16

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13
Q

PR interval

A

0.12-0.2

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14
Q

QT interval

A

0.31-0.38

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15
Q

Best time for a self breast exam

A

5-7 days after mensus ceases

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16
Q

Preventing yeast infection in women

A

Avoid tight fitting clothing and avoid bubble baths and bath salts
Wear loose and absorbant clothing such as cotton underwear

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17
Q

Ptosis

A

Eyelid droop

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18
Q

Nystagmus

A

Rapid, rhythmic movements of both eyes

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19
Q

Astigmatism

A

Distortion of the eye lens resulting in distorted or blurred vision

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20
Q

Exopthalamus

A

Protrusion of the eyeballs in hyperthyroidism

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21
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta

A

Congenital defect
Narrowing of the aorta
Blood pressure readings are typically higher in the arms than the legs

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22
Q

Free radicals

A

Caused by enzyme release from lysosomes

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23
Q

Prolactin secretes from which hormone

A

Ant. Pit which is regulated by the hypothalamus

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24
Q

A1c levels

A

Normal: Below 5.7%
Prediabetes: 5.7-6.4%
Diabetes: >6.5%

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25
Adenocarcinoma
The only lung cancer not related to smoking | Usually related to TB and COPD
26
Malignant melanoma
Skin cancer related to exposure to sunlight
27
Oat-cell carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma
Lung cancer caused by smoking
28
Normal platelet
250,000-400,000
29
SIADH
RETAIN fluid! Symptoms: Loss of thirst, weight gain Caused by: Cancer, small lung cancer the most common Increased ADH levels causes SIADH.
30
EArly manifestation of shock
Hyperpnea (Deep breathing)
31
Intermittent claudication
Cramping, numbness, pain on exertion... usually in the calf muscles Symptom of arterial insufficiency
32
Pulmonary artery catheter
Measures central pressures for monitoring fluid replacement
33
Decorticate posturing
Stiff with bent arms, clenched fist with legs held straight out Caused by dysfunction in Cerebral cortex
34
Hemoglobin
Men 14-17 | Women 12-15
35
Diverticulitis
Usually occurs in sigmoid colon. The inflammation of diverticula usually cause fever
36
Gram negative organisms
More resistent to ABX therapy
37
Therapeutic digoxin levels
0.8-2.0
38
Peak and trough levels
30 min before and 30 min after administration
39
Beta blockers
Decrease heart rate and contractility of the heart
40
Buerger's Disease
Causes blood vessels to swell especially in the arms and legs. Can prevent blood flow and cause clots Smoking is linked to the development of Buerger's disease Smoking cessation is the best way to control symptoms
41
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Causes hypokalemia
42
Trigeminal neuralgia
Characterized by sudden, stabbing, severe pain over lips and chin (Trigeminal nerve)
43
Bell's Palsy
Characterized by facial weakness and paralysis
44
Leg amputation
Do not place amputated leg on pillow to prevent causing flexion contraction of the hip. Place tourniquet in plain site by bed in case of bleeding Encourage to lie in prone position to prevent flexion contraction of the hip
45
ECG and surgery
Pt over 40 should have a ECG within the past two weeks before undergoing surgery
46
Pt saying 99 with stethoscope on back findings
Normal: Muffled sound Abnormal: Clear sound and indicates there is some sort of consolidation process such as pneumonia
47
Older adult lab findings
Increased protein in the urine and slightly increased glucose levels. Decreased specific gravity by age 80
48
Digitalis and Digitalis toxicity
Med used to treat CHF and heart rhythm problems Elderly persons are susceptible to digitalis toxicity... manifests as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, fatigue
49
Chronic bronchitis characteristics
Productive cough with grayish white sputum
50
Emphysema characteristics
Clubbing of fingers and Increased chest diameter Increased total lung capacity Copious amounts of thick white sputum
51
Thrombophlebitis
Pain is relieved by rest and elevation of the extremity | Pain is aggravated by placing extremity in dependent position such as standing on leg
52
Pneumovax
This immunization is given once to persons over 65 and is good for their life
53
Exacerbations of MS symptoms
They usually occur because of increased fatigue and stress. Schedule extra rest periods
54
Oral contraceptives side effect
Thrombophlebitis indicated by calf pain. If experienced get medical help!
55
Hirschsprung disease in infants
Occurs when large intestine is born missing nerve cells. Requires surgery to repair and often requires a colostomy Manifestations: - Distended abdomen - Unable to pass stool for 24-48 hours - Difficulty feeding and vomit green vile - Fever
56
GTPAL - what does each mean?
Gravida - number of times pregnant regardless of outcome Term - number of pregnancies delivered at 37 wks and beyond Preterm - number of pregnancies delivered at 20 wks to 36 wks 6 days Abortion - spontaneous or induced ending before 20 wks Living - number of currently living children
57
Normal RBC's
5.0-6.25
58
Delirium tremens
Rapid onset of confusion caused by alcohol withdrawal Symptoms: Confusion, agitation, fever, tachycardia, HTN, diaphoresis, hallucinations
59
Pinworm vs Hookworms vs ringworm
Pinworms: Lay eggs in the butt. Common symptoms are anal itching and trouble sleeping. Caused by swallowing or inhaling microscopic pinworm eggs Hookworms: Infect the intestines and cause bleeding and anemia Ringworm: Skin infection caused by a fungus. Leads to red scaly blistered rings on skin or scalp.
60
Mongolian spots
Benign discoloration of skin seen in newborns of ethnicities with darker skin tones. Usually blueish gray and fade over first 1-2 years of life
61
BNP (brain natriuretic peptide)
BNP increases when the pressure in the ventricles are increased... like with heart failure! BNP levels are used to determine if dyspnea is due to heart failure or a noncardiac cause
62
Antidepressnt administration
MAOI's cannot be combined with SSRI's | Increases risk of serotonin syndrome
63
Serotonin Syndrome
``` Agitation Diaphoresis Tachycardia HTN Diarrhea Hyperreflexia ```
64
Lithium toxicity
Very narrow therapeutic index Lithium toxicity usually occurs with: -Dehydration -Low sodium -Decreased renal function (elderly clients) -Drug-Drug interactions with NSAIDS and thiazide diuretics
65
Phenytoin therapeutic range
10-20 mcg/mL | Phenytoin is prescribed for seizures
66
Isotonic fluid
Shifts fluid into the cells
67
Osteomalacia
Vitamin D deficiency Characterized by weak, soft, painful bones that can easily fracture Nursing cares: - Prevent falls - Encourage activity - Increase Intake of phosphorus, calcium, Vit D and sunlight
68
Priority intervention for sickle cell anemia
IV fluid administration

NCLEX-RN (6 decks)

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