Shock Flashcards
(41 cards)
THREE STAGES OF SHOCK
1Non Progressive State
2Progressive State
3Refractory State
____ state compensatory mechanism is still present but late stage, ____ state palliative care is the only treatment & ____ state px cant do anything to reverse effect of shock, the px will later on die (epi = inc heart rate, vasopressor = constrict blood vessels)
(1) Non progressive
(2) Progressive
(3) Refractory
shock due to surrounding environment
Obstructive Shock
low CO _____; low BV______
(1) Cardiogenic Shock (2) Hypovolemic Shock
infective agent: _____; hypersensitivity px, allergen _____ & defect in CNS _____
(1) Septic Shock
(2) Anaphylactic Shock
(3) Neurogenic Shock
indiv suffering from too much blood loss,
bluish lips or nail bed
Cyanosis
nervous tissue that detect low bp,
send signals to brain (medulla) to sympathetic nervous pathway (spinal cord)
Carotid or Aortic Sinuses
Ways to Dec Volume of Blood
(1) Loosing too much blood
(2) Loosing too much fluid
HEMORRHAGIC LOSS: HGTAPE
1 Hemoptysis
2 Gastrointestinal bleeding
3 Trauma
4 Abdominal Aorta
Aneurysm (rupture)
5 Post partum hemorrhage
6 Ectopic pregnancy - PID
NON-HEMORRHAGIC LOSS: 3DVAB
1 3rd degree burns
2 Diabetic keto acidosis
(glucose exceed transport
maximum by the kidneys -
glucose + water is excreted out
w urine)
3 Vomiting & diarrhea
4 Acute pancreatitis (over
active pancreatic enzymes)
5 Bowel obstruction
actual blood volume of RBC in blood
Hematocrit
____ Low RBC (Hemorrhagis loss); ______: High rbc (hypovolemic shock due to fluid loss)
(1) Low Hematocrit
(2) High Hematocrit
TREATMENT FOR HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK (OBFA)
1) Give oxygen
2) Blood Loss- give blood transfusion
3) Fluid Loss give IV fluids or inc plasma colloid osmotic pressure (IV: Crystalloids: 0.9% Saline solution, Ringer’s solution)
4) Give Albumin - inc osmotic pressure, that will pull the fluid out of the tissue back to the circulation
Give IV fluids specifically
(IV: Crystalloids: 0.9% Saline solution, Ringer’s solution)
due to low cardiac output, inability of heart to function properly, there is nothing wrong w heart but it cant generate enough SV = low CO
Cardiogenic Shock
Conditions that can dec pumping activity of heart: CALVC
(1) Cardiomyopathy
(2) Arrhythmia
(3) Low CO
(4) Vascular Disease
(5) Congenital Heart Disease
enlargement of the heart w thin ventricular walls & cannot generate enough force to push blood out the heart
CARDIOMYOPATHY
Vascular Disease: valves become too fibrotic, very firm, non-compliant, only a small vol of blood
can pass through
Stenosis of Mitral or Aortic Valve
Vascular disease: opens when LA contracts, but due to fibrotic condition of mitral valve therefor they are only small num of blood that can be pushed by the LV
Mitral Valve Stenosis
Low CO causes: ____infection in the heart muscle wall; ____ multiple ischemic stroke
(1) Myocarditis (2) Multiple MI
TREATMENT FOR CARDIOGENIC SHOCK (MGAT)
(1) Medication: 1Antiviral | 2Antibacterial | 3Antiparasitic | 4Antifungal
(2) Give oxygen
(3) Angioplasty (due to plaque)
(4) Thrombolytics (due to thrombi - clot CA
breakdown thrombi _____l makes blood viscous or anticoagulant ____
(1) thrombolytics (2) heparin
Ways to Dec Volume of Blood in Obstructive Shock PACAT
(1) Pulmonary Emboli
(2) Aortic Emboli
(3) Cardiac Tamponade
(4) Aortic DIssection
(5) Tension Pneumothorax
(1) Pulmonary Emboli
(2) Aortic Emboli
(3) Cardiac Tamponade
(4) Aortic DIssection
(5) Tension Pneumothorax
If emboli forms in the main branches of aorta = lessens blood vol circulating in the body = low CO (esp if emboli formed in the branch of aorta or ascending aorta)
(2) Aortic Emboli
