Short answer Flashcards
(29 cards)
What enzyme breaks down starch in the mouth?
Salivary amylase
What enzyme continues starch breakdown in small intestine?
Pancreatic amylase
What enzyme breaks down maltose?
Maltase
What enzyme breaks down lactose?
Lactase
What process breaks down glycogen to glucose-6-phosphate?
Glycogenolysis
What is the storage form of glucose in animals
Glycogen
What hormone stimulates glycogenolysis
Glucagon
What hormone inhibits glycogenolysis?
Insulin
How many ATP molecules are consumed in the preparatory phase of glycolysis?
2 ATP
How many ATP molecules are produced in the pay-off phase of glycolysis?
4 ATP
What is the net ATP production from glycolysis?
2 ATP
What are the three types of lipases involved in fat digestion?
Lingual lipase, gastric lipase, pancreatic lipase
What substance emulsifies fats in the small intestine?
Bile
Where is cholesterol synthesized?
LV
What transports cholesterol from liver to tissues?
LDL (Low-density lipoprotein)
What transports cholesterol back to liver from tissues?
HDL (High-density lipoprotein)
What process produces fatty acids from acetyl-CoA?
Lipogenesis
What type of lipid forms the cell membrane bilayer?
Phospholipids
What coenzyme is reduced to NADH in glycolysis?
NAD+
Where does the citric acid cycle occur
Mitochondrial matrix
What molecule carries acetyl groups in metabolism
Coenzyme A
What process produces glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?
Gluconeogenesis
What molecule inhibits glycolysis when present in high amounts?
ATP
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
Oxygen
