Short Grammar Rules for better Speacking

Question 1

Can’t/Couldn’t help + V1st + ing OR Can’t/Couldn’t help + but + V1st

Answer 1

Can’t help / Couldn’t help — Meaning & Explanation
1. Meaning:
Can’t help (doing something) means:
You are unable to stop yourself from doing something.
(It’s something you do automatically or naturally.)

Couldn’t help (doing something) means:
You were unable to stop yourself from doing something in the past.

2. Explanation:
   It expresses involuntary actions or feelings.

Usually followed by a verb ending in -ing (gerund) or sometimes “but” + base verb.

Shows that even if you want to stop, you cannot.

3. 10 Everyday Sentences with “Can’t help”
   I can’t help laughing when I watch funny videos.

She can’t help smiling when she sees her puppy.

They can’t help feeling nervous before exams.

We can’t help loving our hometown.

He can’t help checking his phone every minute.

You can’t help noticing the beautiful sunset.

I can’t help thinking about my vacation.

She can’t help worrying about the test results.

They can’t help arguing when they disagree.

We can’t help enjoying the music at the party.

4. 10 Everyday Sentences with “Couldn’t help”
   I couldn’t help laughing at his silly jokes yesterday.

She couldn’t help crying during the sad movie.

They couldn’t help feeling excited about the trip.

We couldn’t help talking about the news all day.

He couldn’t help staring at the beautiful painting.

You couldn’t help wondering what happened next.

I couldn’t help smiling when I heard the good news.

She couldn’t help worrying about her friend.

They couldn’t help shouting when their team scored.

We couldn’t help remembering our childhood stories.

Question 2

Present Participle + V 1st + ing + remaining sentence. ([Present participle phrase] + [main clause]).

Answer 2

Rule: Using a Present Participle Phrase to Show Simultaneous or Immediate Action. (Ek hi subject do kaam karta hai jo ek ke baad ek hota hai lekin phir bhi ek hi time par dono hote hai)
* Present participle = verb + -ing form (e.g., opening, walking, running)
* It doesn’t show the main action, but it adds detail like time, cause, or condition to the main clause.
Explanation:
* “Opening the box” = present participle phrase
(shows what the subject was doing at the same time as the main action)
* “he took out the gun” = main clause (“डिब्बा खोलते हुए, उसने बंदूक निकाली।”)
👉 This means he opened the box and then immediately took out the gun — the actions are closely connected and happened in sequence. (Ek hi subject do kaam karta hai jo ek ke baad ek hota hai lekin phir bhi ek hi time par dono hote hai)
Key Points:
* The subject of the participle phrase and the main clause must be the same.
o In this case: both refer to “he.”
* No need to use a conjunction (like “and” or “when”) — the participle phrase replaces it.
* Even though “Opening/smiling” is a present participle, the main clause can be in past tense (entered), present (enters), or future (will enter) — depending on the context.
Examples:
* Hearing a noise, she ran outside.
→ She heard a noise and immediately ran outside.
* Walking to school, he met his friend.
→ While he was walking to school, he met his friend.
* Not knowing the answer, I kept quiet.
→ Because I didn’t know the answer, I kept quiet.
“गाली देता हुआ वो भाग गया”
“Abusing, he ran away.”
or more naturally:
👉 “He ran away while abusing.”
or
👉 “He ran away, hurling abuses.”
“मुस्कराते हुए वह कमरे में आया।”
* “Smiling, he entered the room.”
Rewriting in Different Forms:
1. While smiling, he entered the room.
2. He entered the room with a smile.
3. He smiled as he entered the room.
4. “Smiling, he entered the room.”
5. He was smiling while entering.
(All mean nearly the same)

Hindi Sentence English Translation
मुस्कराते हुए वह कमरे में आया। Smiling, he entered the room.
रोते हुए बच्चा माँ के पास गया। Crying, the child went to his mother.
फोन पर बात करते हुए वह सड़क पर चल रहा था। Talking on the phone, he was walking on the road.
गाना गाते हुए वह काम कर रही थी। Singing, she was doing her work.
हँसते हुए उन्होंने मजाक किया। Laughing, they made a joke.
किताब पढ़ते हुए वह सो गया। Reading a book, he fell asleep.
खाना बनाते हुए उसने टीवी चालू किया। Cooking food, she turned on the TV.
दरवाज़ा खोलते हुए उसने कुछ सोचा। Opening the door, he thought about something.
मुस्कराते हुए उसने जवाब दिया। Smiling, she replied.
तेज़ी से दौड़ते हुए लड़का गिर गया। Running fast, the boy fell down.
Hindi Sentence English Translation
हँसते हुए बच्चे पार्क में खेल रहे थे। Laughing, the children were playing in the park.
बारिश में भीगते हुए वह घर पहुँचा। Getting wet in the rain, he reached home.
गाड़ी चलाते हुए वह गाना गा रहा था। Driving the car, he was singing a song.
अख़बार पढ़ते हुए उसने चाय पी। Reading the newspaper, he drank tea.
नाश्ता करते हुए वह टीवी देख रही थी। Eating breakfast, she was watching TV.
गुस्से में चिल्लाते हुए वह चला गया। Shouting in anger, he went away.
मोबाइल चलाते हुए वह सीढ़ियों से गिर गया। Using the phone, he fell down the stairs.
काम करते हुए उसने संगीत सुना। Working, he listened to music.
किताब लिखते हुए लेखक बहुत थक गया। Writing the book, the writer got very tired.
दौड़ते हुए उसने बस पकड़ी। Running, he caught the bus.
मुस्कराते हुए माँ ने बच्चे को गले लगाया। Smiling, the mother hugged the child.
कपड़े धोते हुए उसने गाना लगाया। Washing clothes, she played a song.
दवाई लेते हुए वह पानी पी रहा था। Taking medicine, he was drinking water.
गाड़ी साफ़ करते हुए वह गुनगुना रहा था। Cleaning the car, he was humming.
तस्वीर खींचते हुए कैमरा गिर गया। Taking a photo, the camera fell.
दोस्तों से बात करते हुए समय निकल गया। Talking to friends, time flew by.
झगड़ते हुए दोनों बाहर निकल गए। Arguing, both of them went out.
दरवाज़ा बंद करते हुए उसने लाइट बुझाई। Closing the door, he turned off the light.
ध्यान से सुनते हुए वह नोट्स बना रहा था। Listening carefully, he was taking notes.
नाचते हुए वह स्टेज पर गिर गई। Dancing, she fell on the stage.

Question 3

Subject + verb + object + adjective/participle (In sentences me find/found jo ki hota hai paya, iska use hotat hai)

Answer 3

Subject + Verb + Object + Adjective/Participle
(The adjective or participle describes the object.)
Explanation in Hindi:
इस संरचना में क्रिया (verb) के बाद जो वस्तु (object) आती है, उसके बारे में एक विशेषण (adjective) या वर्तमान/भूतकालिक कृदंत (participle) दिया जाता है, जो उस वस्तु की अवस्था, गुण या स्थिति को दर्शाता है।
Hindi Translation:
उसने कमरा खाली पाया।
या
उसने कमरे को खाली पाया।
* They found the room empty.
👉 उन्होंने कमरे को खाली पाया।
(“खाली” कमरे की स्थिति बता रहा है।)
* We kept the door open.
👉 हमने दरवाज़ा खुला रखा।
(“खुला” दरवाज़े की स्थिति बताता है।)
* He left the windows closed.
👉 उसने खिड़कियाँ बंद छोड़ दीं।
(“बंद” खिड़कियों की स्थिति बता रहा है।)
* She considers him smart.
👉 वह उसे समझदार मानती है।
(“समझदार” उस व्यक्ति का गुण दर्शा रहा है।)
* I found the box open.
👉 मैंने डिब्बा खुला पाया।
* We saw the child sleeping.
👉 हमने बच्चे को सोता हुआ देखा।
* He found the room empty.
👉 उसने कमरा खाली पाया।
* She kept the window open.
👉 उसने खिड़की खुली रखी।
* We left the door locked.
👉 हमने दरवाज़ा बंद (ताला लगा हुआ) छोड़ा।
* They painted the wall blue.
👉 उन्होंने दीवार को नीला रंग दिया।
* I saw the child crying.
👉 मैंने बच्चे को रोते हुए देखा।
* She heard the baby laughing.
👉 उसने बच्चे को हँसते हुए सुना।
* He kept his shoes polished.
👉 उसने अपने जूते पॉलिश किए हुए रखे।
* We found the lights off.
👉 हमने लाइटें बंद पाईं।
* She made her voice loud.
👉 उसने अपनी आवाज़ ऊँची कर ली।
* They left the work unfinished.
👉 उन्होंने काम अधूरा छोड़ दिया।
* I got the clothes washed.
👉 मैंने कपड़े धुलवाए।
* He found his phone broken.
👉 उसने अपना फोन टूटा हुआ पाया।
* We kept the milk warm.
👉 हमने दूध गर्म रखा।
* She found the floor dirty.
👉 उसने फर्श गंदा पाया।
* He saw the gate closed.
👉 उसने गेट बंद देखा।
* I found the table clean.
👉 मैंने मेज़ साफ़ पाई।
* They left the fan on.
👉 उन्होंने पंखा चालू छोड़ दिया।
* She kept her books arranged.
👉 उसने अपनी किताबें व्यवस्थित रखीं।
* I heard the doorbell ringing.
👉 मैंने डोरबेल बजती हुई सुनी।
* He kept his phone silent.
👉 उसने अपना फोन साइलेंट पर रखा।