Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ortho > Shoulder-Clavicle-Brachial Disorders > Flashcards

Shoulder-Clavicle-Brachial Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Bones & Joints of the Shoulder

A 
Clavicle
Sternum
Scapula
Humerus
Ribs
SC joint
AC joint
Glenohumeral joint
Scapular thoracic joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Muscles of the Shoulder

A 
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor
Pectorals major
Biceps
Deltoid
Trapezius
Serratus anterior
Rhomboid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of Conditions of the Shoulder

A 
Traumatic
Overuse
Instability
Fractures
Age related processes
Nerve injuries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is AC separation typically a result of?

A

Falling directly on the tip of the shoulder

Hockey player getting checked into the boards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe Grade 1 AC Separation

A

Strain of the acromioclavicular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe Grade 2 AC Separation

A

Tear of acromioclavicular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe Grade 3 AC Separation

A

Tear of acromioclavicular & coracoclavicular ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Clinical Findings with AC Separation

A 
Tenderness at AC joint
Possible deformity at AC joint
Pain with adduction
\+ cross arm test
\+ Paxinos test
Pain with doing a dip
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment of AC Separation

A

Rest
Ice
NSAIDs
Sling for comfort
Weaver-Dunn procedure- reconstruction of CC ligament
Return to activity: when patient is comfortable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

MOI of a Clavicle Fracture

A

Falling directly on the tip of the shoulder

Hockey player getting checked into the boards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Clinical Findings with Clavicle Fracture

A

Tenderness to palpation
Pain with adduction
Patient sitting with shoulders rolled forward
Deformity at fracture site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment of Clavicle Fractures

A 
Rest
Ice
NSAIDs
Sling for comfort
Surgery: significant displacement
Return to activity: 8 weeks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rotator Cuff Tendonitis

A

Overuse injury
Result of inability to train appropriately
Result of a “weekend warrior”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is happening internally with rotator cuff tendonitis?

A

Inflammation of cuff tendon
Degenerative fraying
Bursitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Clinical Presentation of a Rotator Cuff Tendonitis

A

Pain after an aggravating activity
Pain can be insidious without specific injury
Localized to anterior/lateral shoulder
Pain worse with reaching overhead/behind the body
Pain at night/difficulty sleeping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Clinical Exam Findings for a Rotator Cuff Tendonitis

A 
Tender to palpation
Painful arc of motion/elevation
Full ROM
Pain with resisted supraspinatus testing
No weakness
\+ Hawkins
\+ Neers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tendonitis

A

6 weeks of rest
Graduated throwing program
PT for strengthening
Subacromial steroid injection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Risk Factors for a Rotator Cuff Tear

A

Smoking
Age
Fall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which rotator cuff muscles are most commonly torn?

A

Infraspinatus

Supraspinatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is the subscapularis generally torn?

A

Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Clinical Presentation of a Rotator Cuff Tear

A 
Pain with reaching overhead
Nocturnal pain
Can't get comfortable lying on shoulder
Weakness
Pain over anterior/lateral shoulder
Pain radiates to deltoid tuberosity
Pain insidious or sudden
May have felt pop at time of injury
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Clinica Exam Findings of a Rotator Cuff Tear

A 
Tender to palpation
Painful arc of motion/elevation
Full passive ROM
Pain with resisted supraspinatus testing
Weakness
\+ Hawkins
\+ Neers
Belly compression test
Lift off test
Bear hugger test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If there is weakness with external rotation, what is the probable muscle that is torn?

A

Infraspinatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

If there is weakness with empty can test, what is the probable muscle that is torn?

A

Supraspinatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

If there is weakness with internal rotation, what is the probable muscle that is torn?

A

Subscapularis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Treatment of a Rotator Cuff Tear

A 
Rest
Ice
NSAIDs
PT for strengthening
Subacromial steroid injection
MRI to determine size of cuff tear
Surgical repair
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Define Calcific Tendonitis

A

Deposition of calcium “hydroxyapatite” in the rotator cuff tendon

28
Q

Which phase is calcific tendonitis more painful & inflammatory?

A

Liquid or tooth paste phase

29
Q

Clinical Presentation of Calcific Tendonitis

A

Insidious or sudden
“White knuckle pain”
Pain with any movement of shoulder
Unable to sleep

30
Q

Clinical Exam Findings of Calcific Tendonitis

A 
Tenderness over greater tuberosity
Limited AROM due to pain
Pain with firing of the rotator cuff
Full PROM
Weakness of cuff due to pain
31
Q

Treatment of Calcific Tendonitis

A 
Rest
Ice
NSAIDs
PT to prevent stiffness
Subacromial steroid injection with needling of calcium deposit
Surgical decompression & debridement
32
Q

Define Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)

A

Loss of motion of the shoulder as a result of tightening & shrinking of the shoulder capsule

33
Q

Risk Factors for Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)

A

Female
Diabetic
Hypothyroidism

34
Q

3 Phases of Adhesive Capsulitis

A

Freezing
Frozen
Thawing

35
Q

Clinical Presentation of Adhesive Capsulitis

A 
Insidious onset
Progressive loss of motion
May follow trauma, but idiopathic
Pain at end of ROM
Nocturnal pain
Can't reach into back pocket
36
Q

Clinical Exam Findings of Adhesive Capsulitis

A

Loss of PROM & AROM

Pain at end of ROM

37
Q

Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis

A

PT to work on capsular stretching
Glenohumeral steroid injection to decrease inflammation
Manipulation under anesthesia
Arthroscopic capsular release

38
Q

What populations are labral injuries common?

A

Overuse: throwers
Traumatic: football, wrestling, volleyball, tennis

39
Q

Define a Labral Injury

A

Injury to soft tissue cartilage ring around socket of the shoulder which provides stability

40
Q

Clinical Presentation of a Labral Tear

A

Painful pop in shoulder
Difficulty throwing a ball
Mild sense of instability

41
Q

Clinical Exam Findings in a Labral Tear

A

Full ROM
Crepitus with internal/external rotation
+ O’brien test

42
Q

Treatment of a Labral Tear

A

PT for rotator cuff strengthening & stabilization

Surgical repair if persistent pain

43
Q

Treatment of Impingement Problems

A

Aggressive stretching program for anterior capsule

Strength program for the rotator cuff

44
Q

Which dislocation is more common, anterior or posterior?

A

Anterior: elevation & external rotation

45
Q

When is a posterior dislocation more common?

A

Seizure
Electrocution
Football lineman
MVA

46
Q

Clinical Presentation of an Anterior Dislocation

A

Pain following injury
1st time: reduction & early immobilization
PT for strengthening & stabilization

47
Q

Clinical Exam Findings of an Anterior Dislocation

A

+ Apprehension sign
+ Relocation test
Increase anterior translation
Pain with ROM & guarding with reaching overhead

48
Q

Treatment of Anterior Dislocation Treatment

A

X-ray to rule out glenoid fracture
X-ray for Hillsach’s deformity
PT for strength & stability
Return to play: 4-6 weeks

49
Q

Treatment with Recurrent Dislocations

A

Surgery

50
Q

Treatment of Posterior Dislocation

A

Reduce & immobilization
PT for strengthening
Bracing

51
Q

Which population are the worst offenders for shoulder multidirectional instability?

A

Wrestlers

Volleyball players

52
Q

Presentation of Shoulder Instability

A

+/- multi-joint laxity
Report recurrent shoulder dislocation without ER visits
Dull ache in the shoulder

53
Q

Treatment of Shoulder Instability

A

PT to strengthen scapular stabilizers & rotator cuff

Surgery: last option

54
Q

Risk for OA of the Glenohumeral Joint

A 
Previous trauma
Dislocations
Instability issues
Hereditary
Heavy laborer
55
Q

Clinical Presentation of Glenohumeral OA

A

Insidious onset of shoulder pain
Loss of ROM
Pain at end of ROM with sudden movement

56
Q

Clinical Exam Findings with Glenohumeral OA

A 
Loss of ROM especially internal/external rotation
Normal strength
Crepitus
Cogwheeling
Tender of anterior/posterior capsule
57
Q

Treatment of Glenohumeral OA

A 
NSAIDs, Tylenol
Terminal stretching
Glucosamine/Chondrotin
Activity modification
Steroid injection
Total shoulder replacement
58
Q

Define Parsonage Turner Syndrome

A

Inflammation of a network of nerves that innervate the muscles of the chest, shoulders & arms

59
Q

Clinical Presentation of Parsonage Turner Syndrome

A

Severe pain across shoulder & upper arm
Weakness
Atrophy
Paralysis of shoulder muscles

60
Q

Clinical Exam Findings of Parsonage-Turner Syndrome

A

Atrophy of supraspinatus & infraspinatus
Significant weakness of affected muscles
Non-tender
May not tolerate palpation

61
Q

Treatment of Parsonage Turner Syndrome

A 
EMG studies
MRI
Oral steroids
Neurontin
Pain medication
PT
62
Q

Other Shoulder Injuries

A 
Stinger/brachial plexus traction injury
Proximal humerus fracture
Scapular fractures
Long thoracic nerve injury "scapular winging"
OA of AC joint
Long head biceps rupture
Spinoglenoid cyst
63
Q

Prevention of Shoulder Injuries

A

Strengthening

Stretching

64
Q

Supraspinatus Exercises

A

Empty can test with thumb down

Light dumbbells or rubber tubing

65
Q

Infraspinatus & Teres Minor Exercises

A

Place elbow at side

Externally rotate against resistance

66
Q

Subscapularis Exercises

A

Elbow at side

Internally rotate against resistance

Ortho (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions