Shoulder Complex II

Question 0

What muscles cause UR?

Answer 0

Traps and serratus anterior

Question 1

How many muscles are active on the shoulder during elevation?

Answer 1

17

Question 2

How many degrees of UR does the scapula allow?

Answer 2

60 degrees

Question 3

Which muscles aid in compression and joint stabilization of the shoulder?

Answer 3

SITS - supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis

Question 4

Which muscles allow for GH elevation?

Answer 4

Supraspinatus and deltoids

Question 5

What is the prime mover for shoulder flexion?

Answer 5

Deltoid

Question 6

When is the supraspinatus the most active?

Answer 6

First 60 degrees of ABD

Question 7

When does the deltoid assist in ABD?

Answer 7

After 15 degrees which is done by the supraspinatus

Question 8

When does the scapula start moving?

Answer 8

After 60 degrees of ABD

Question 9

When does the deltoid stop activating?

Answer 9

When the arm is ABD to 180 degrees - gravity takes over

Question 10

Why does the supraspinatus and deltoid contribute to ABD differently?

Answer 10

Deltoid has a small MA during early elevation, whereas the supraspinatus has a longer MA

Question 11

Which muscle provides a greater ABD force?

Answer 11

Deltoid

Question 12

What happens to the humerus during elevation (regarding the deltoid and rotator cuff muscles)?

Answer 12

Deltoid causes superior glide of humerus, so the rotator cuff muscles have to inferiorly glide in order to avoid impingement

Question 13

What are the two shoulder depressor muscles in a weight bearing position?

Answer 13

Lats and pec major

Question 14

What muscles prevent IR of the scapula?

Answer 14

Rhomboids

Question 15

What muscles allow for IR of scapula?

Answer 15

Pec major

Question 16

What muscles depress and ABD the scapula?

Answer 16

Pec minor

Question 17

What is the definition of GIRD?

Answer 17

A loss of IR of 20 degrees or more compared to the contralateral side

Question 18

How is the head of the humerus positioned in the capsule?

Answer 18

A little bit retroverted

Question 19

What are three factors in shoulder overuse injuries?

Answer 19

Impingement, RTC tears, and SLAP tears

Question 20

What are some things that cause GIRD?

Answer 20

Humeral retroversion, throwing causing ER torque, and the humeral head sitting posteriorly in the glenoid

Question 21

What is a second definition for GIRD?

Answer 21

ER + IR = total motion

Less than 5 degree loss in total motion

Question 22

Why is GIRD bad?

Answer 22

Increases risk for injury

Question 23

What are some causes of serratus anterior weakness?

Answer 23

Disuse or long thoracic nerve palsy

Question 24

What does winging in flexion delineate?

Answer 24

Serratus anterior weakness

Question 25

What causes upper trap weakness?

Answer 25

Spinal accessory nerve palsy (SNAP), positive scapular flip, trapezius atrophy, depressed scapula, and limited shoulder ABD

Question 26

What does winging in shoulder ABD delineate?

Answer 26

Upper trap weakness

Question 27

What will upper trap weakness cause in regard to the scapula?

Answer 27

DR

Question 28

What will upper trap overuse cause?

Answer 28

Decreased UR of scapula and increased shoulder impingement

Question 29

What are causes of rotator cuff weakness?

Answer 29

Overuse, surgery, disuse, or C5 radiculopathy

Question 30

How will a patient present with rotator cuff weakness?

Answer 30

Lateral trunk lean and hiking of the shoulder in early scapular elevation in order to elevate the arm

Question 31

What do you have to work on regarding shoulder subluxation?

Answer 31

Posture and UT strength