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Kin 110 > Shoulder muscles > Flashcards

Shoulder muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Name the muscles on the anterior axio-appendicular compartment

A

Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, subsclavius, and serratus anterior

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2
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis major?

A

Clavicular head: anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle
Sternocostal head: anterior surface of the sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, and aponeuroses of the external oblique

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3
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis major?

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

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5
Q

What are the main actions of the pectoralis major?

A

Synergestically
- Adducts and medially rotates the shoulder joint
- Draws scapula inferiorly and anteriorly
Acting alone
- Clavicular head flexes the shoulder joint and sternocostal head
- Extends shoulder joint from flexed position

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6
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis minor?

A

3rd - 5th rib near their costal cartilages

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7
Q

What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis minor?

A

Medial border and anterior surface of the coracoid process of scapula

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor?

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

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9
Q

What is the main action of the pectoralis minor?

A

Stabilizes the scapula by drawing it anteriorly and inferiorly against the thoracic wall

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10
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the subclavius?

A

At the junction of the 1st rib with its costal cartilage

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11
Q

What is the distal attachment of the subclavius?

A

Inferior surface at the middle third of the clavicle

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12
Q

What is the innervation of the subclavius?

A

Subclavian nerve

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13
Q

What are the main actions of the subclavius?

A

Anchors and depresses the clavicle

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14
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the serratus anterior?

A

External surface at the lateral part of 1st - 8th rib

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15
Q

What is the distal attachment of the serratus anterior?

A

Anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the serratus anterior

A

Thoracolumbar nerve

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17
Q

What are the main actions of the serratus anterior?

A

Protract and rotate the scapula; as well as holding this against the thoracic wall

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18
Q

What are the main actions of the serratus anterior?

A

Protract and rotate the scapula; as well as holding this against the thoracic wall

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19
Q

Name the muscles on the posterior axio-appendicular compartment

A

Superficial layer: trapezius and latissimus dorsi
Deep layer: levator scapulae and rhomboids

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20
Q

What is the medial attachment of the trapezius?

A
  • Medial third of superior nuchal line
  • External occipital protuberance
  • Spinous processes of C7 - T12
  • Nuchal ligament
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21
Q

What is the lateral attachment of the trapezius?

A
  • Lateral third of the clavicle
  • Spine of scapula
  • Acromion
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22
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

A

Motor: spinal accessory
Pain and proprioception: C3, C4

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23
Q

What are the functions of the trapezius?

A

Ascending part: depress scapula
Descending part: elevate scapula
Middle part (or all parts together): retract the scapula
Ascending+descending: rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

24
Q

What is the medial attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

A
  • Thoracolumbar fascia
  • Iliac crest
  • Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
  • Inferior 3 or 4 ribs
25
Q

What is the lateral attachment of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

26
Q

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

27
Q

What are the main function sof the latissimus dorsi?

A

Extend, adduct, and medially rotate the shoulder joint

28
Q

What is the medial attachment of the levator scapulae?

A

Posterior tubercle on transverse processes from C1 - C4

29
Q

What is the lateral attachment of the levator scapulae?

A

Medial border of the scapula, superior to the root of spine

30
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapula?

A

Dorsal scapular and cervical spinal nerves

31
Q

What is the main function of the levator scapula?

A

Elevate scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

32
Q

What is the medial attachment of the rhomboids minor and major?

A

Minor: nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7 and T1
Major: spinous processes from T2-T5

33
Q

What is the lateral attachment of the rhomboids minor and major?

A

Minor: medial border of the scapula at the medial end of the scapular spine
Major: medial border of scapula from the level of the spine to the inferior angle of this

34
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboids?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

35
Q

What are the main functions of the rhomboids?

A

Retracts scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly; as well as fixing the scapula against the thoracic wall

36
Q

Name the scapulohumeral muscles

A

Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, and subscapularis

37
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the deltoid?

A
  • Lateral third of the clavicle
  • Acromion
  • Spine of scapula
38
Q

What is the distal attachment of the deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

39
Q

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve

40
Q

What are the main functions of the deltoid?

A

Clavicular head: flex and medially rotate shoulder joint
Acromial head: abduct shoulder joint
Spinal head: extend and laterally rotate shoulder joint

41
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the supraspinatus?

A

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

42
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the infraspinatus?

A

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

43
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the teres minor?

A

Middle part of the lateral border of the scapula

44
Q

What is the distal attachment of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor?

A

Greater tubercle of the humerus

45
Q

What is the innervation of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve

46
Q

What are the main functions of the supraspinatus?

A

Initiates and assists the deltoid in abducting the shoulder joint; also acts with other rotator cuff muscles

47
Q

What are the main functions of the infraspinatus and teres minor?

A

Laterally rotate the shoulder joint; help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

48
Q

What are the innervation of the teres minor?

A

Axillary neve

49
Q

What is the proximal attachment of teres major?

A

Inferior part of the lateral border of the scapula and the posterior surface of the inferior angle of the scapula

50
Q

What is the distal attachment of teres major?

A

Medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

51
Q

What is the innervation of the teres major?

A

Lower subscapular nerve

52
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the subscapular muscle?

A

Subscapular fossa of scapula

53
Q

What is the distal attachment of the subscapular muscle?

A

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

54
Q

What is the innevation of the subscapular?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

55
Q

What are the main functions of the subscapular muscle?

A

Medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint; helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

56
Q

What is the main function of the teres major?

A

Adducts and medially rotates the shoulder joint

Kin 110 (10 decks)

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