Signal Transduction: From Receptor to Second Messenger

Question 1

Stimulation of which receptors increases phospholipase C? (Select 2.)

Answer 1

Study on!

Question 2

In the last 2 questions, we examined the big picture and types of receptors. Now let’s connect each receptor to its effector and second messenger.

Answer 2

Let’s do it!!!

Question 3

The alpha 1 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 3

Gq

Question 4

The alpha 2 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 4

Gi

Question 5

The beta 1 and beta 2 receptors are associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 5

Gs

Question 6

The Nicotinic receptors in the ANS ganglia, NMJ & CNS are associated with —— for signal transduction

Answer 6

Ions channels

Question 7

The Muscarinic 1/3/5 receptors are associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 7

Gq

Question 8

The Muscarinic 2/4 receptors are associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 8

Gi

Question 9

The Dopamine 1 (postsynaptic) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 9

Gs

Question 10

The Dopamine 2 (presynaptic) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 10

Gi

Question 11

The Vasopressin 1 (vasculature) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 11

Gq

Question 12

The Vasopressin 2 (renal tubules) receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 12

Gs

Question 13

The Histamine 1 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 13

Gq

Question 14

The Histamine 2 receptor is associated with a —– protein for signal transduction

Answer 14

Gs

Question 15

Activation of the Alpha 1 receptor (Gq) will turn on —–.

Answer 15

Phospholipase C

Question 16

Activation of the Alpha 2 receptor (Gi) will turn off —–.

Answer 16

Adenylate cyclase

Question 17

Activation of the beta 1 and beta 2 receptors (Gs) will turn on —–.

Answer 17

Adenylate cyclase

Question 18

Activation of the Muscarinic 1/3/5 receptors (Gq) will turn ON —–.

Answer 18

Phospholipase C

Question 19

Activation of the Muscarinic 2/4 receptors (Gi) will turn OFF —–.

Answer 19

Adenylate cyclase

Question 20

Activation of the Dopamine 1 (postsynaptic) receptor (Gs) will turn ON —–.

Answer 20

Adenylate cyclase

Question 21

Activation of the Dopamine 2 (presynaptic) receptor (Gi) will turn OFF —–.

Answer 21

Adenylate cyclase

Question 22

Activation of the Vasopressin 1 (vasculature) receptor (Gq) will turn ON —–.

Answer 22

Phospholipase C

Question 23

Activation of the Vasopressin 2 (renal tubules) receptor (Gs) will turn ON —–.

Answer 23

Adenylate cyclase

Question 24

Activation of the Histamine 1 receptor (Gq) will turn ON —–.

Answer 24

Phospholipase C

Question 25

Activation of the Histamine 2 receptor (Gq) will turn ON -----.

Answer 25

**Adenylate cyclase**

Question 26

In general, activation of a receptor coupled to a Gq protein will turn ON -----.

Answer 26

**Phospholipase C**

Question 27

In general, activation of a receptor coupled to a **Gs** protein will turn ON -----.

Answer 27

**Adenylate cyclase**

Question 28

In general, activation of a receptor coupled to a **Gi** protein will turn **OFF** -----.

Answer 28

**Adenylate cyclase**

Question 29

-----, -----, and ----- are the 3 second messengers that are activated when **Phospholipase C** is turned **ON**

Answer 29

**IP3, DAG, Ca+2**

Question 30

----- is the second messenger that is activated when **Adenylate cyclase** is turned **ON**

Answer 30

**cAMP**

Question 31

----- is the second messenger that is deactivated when **Adenylate cyclase** is turned OFF

Answer 31

**cAMP**

Question 32

IP3 =

Answer 32

**Inositol** trisphosphate

Question 33

DAG =

Answer 33

**Diacylglycerol**

Question 34

cAMP =

Answer 34

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Question 35

Remember that the cellular response is ----- specific

Answer 35

**Tissue**-specific

Question 36

Which receptors are coupled to a Gq protein?

Answer 36

alpha 1 M1, 3, 5 V1 H1

Question 37

Which receptors are coupled to a Gi protein?

Answer 37

alpha 2 M2, 4 D2

Question 38

Which receptors are coupled to a Gs protein?

Answer 38

beta 1, 2 D1 V2 H2

Question 39

Stimulation of which receptors increases phospholipase C? (Select 2.)

Answer 39

Alpha-1 Vasopressin-1

Question 40

*_References:_*

Answer 40

* Flood. Stoelting* *'**s Pharmacology* & *Physiology in Anesthetic Practice. 5th ed. 2015. p. 85.* * Hemmings. Pharmacology and Physiology for Anesthesia: Foundations and Clinical Application. 1st ed. 2013. p. 212-213, 219* & *393*