Simple Machines Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is a simple machine?
A simple machine is any of several devices with few or no moving parts that are used to modify motion and force in order to perform work.
Examples include levers, inclined planes, and pulleys.
What is a compound machine?
A compound machine is made up of two or more simple machines.
Define force in the context of simple machines.
Force is a push or pull that changes the shape or motion of an object.
How is work defined mathematically?
Work is the result of a force moving over a distance (W = F x d).
List the six types of simple machines.
- lever
- inclined plane
- wheel and axle
- pulley
- wedge
- screw
What are the three main functions of simple machines?
- They transmit forces.
- They change the direction of a force.
- They modify the magnitude of a force.
True or False: Using a simple machine usually requires more force to accomplish a task.
False
What is the fulcrum in a lever?
The supporting point on which a movable bar rests.
What is the effort arm in a lever?
The part of the bar between the fulcrum and the effort.
What is the load arm in a lever?
The part of the bar between the fulcrum and the load.
What characterizes a first-class lever?
The fulcrum is between the effort and the load.
Give an example of a first-class lever.
See-saw or scissors
What characterizes a second-class lever?
The load is between the fulcrum and the effort.
Give an example of a second-class lever.
Wheel barrow
What characterizes a third-class lever?
The load is between the fulcrum and the effort, requiring greater force but making the load move further and faster.
Give an example of a third-class lever.
hammer, baseball bat, hockey stick, or rake.
What is an inclined plane?
An inclined plane has a slope that reduces the force that must be applied to lift a load.
How does an inclined plane reduce the force needed to lift a load?
By increasing the distance that must be covered to reach a given height.
Fill in the blank: A __________ is an example of an inclined plane.
Ramp
What is a screw in the context of simple machines?
A screw is essentially an inclined plane (the threads) wrapped around a shaft.
What is the primary function of a pulley?
A pulley helps us lift loads.
What are the three types of pulleys?
- Fixed
- Movable
- Combination
What does a fixed pulley do?
It changes the direction of the force required.
What is the advantage of a movable pulley?
It decreases the amount of force used but does not reverse the direction of the effort.
