skeletal skeleton Flashcards
functions of skeletal system
support, protect, movement, electrolyte balance, blood
composition of skeletal system
osseous tissue
blood
cartilage
adipose, fibers, nervous tissue
macroscopic general features of bones..4 types, surrounded by what
flat bones
long bones
short bones
irregular bones
- periosteum layer - outer (fibrous) and inner (osteogenic) layer
what type of tissue is bone
connective tissue
4 types of bone cells
osteogenic (osteoprogenitor) cells
osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts
osteogenic cells-what are they, develop from
stem cells
- develop from embryonic mesenchyme cells into bones cells
osteoblasts-what do they do
bone building cells
become osteocytes
osteocytes-what are they
mature bone cells
bone maintenance
osteoclasts
bone matrix-dissolving cells
bone matrix- made of
organic matter- collagen, carbs, protein complexes
inorganic matter- hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate
osseous tissue, types and what is it
-compact bones
*organized in osteons, dense outer layer of bones
-spongy (cancellous) bone
*trabeculae of bone with lots of air spaces where bone marrow resides
bone marrow- types, where
- red marrow (hematopoietic tissue): reticular tissue, capillaries, hematopoietic cells, in all kids bones. in skull, vertebra, ribs, sternum, pelvic girdle, proximal heads of humerus and femur
- yellow marrow-in adults. reticular tissue…adipose cells, does not produce blood
- cavities of long bones and small spaces in spongy bone
formation of bone
ossification or osteogenesis
bone development of human fetus and infant
intramembranous ossification
endochondral ossification
intramembranous ossification
-produces flat bones of skull, most facial bones, clavicle, part of mandible in fetus
- thickens long bones throughout life
