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Matthew Casas > Skeletal system > Flashcards

Skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

Two types of skeleton

A

Axial and appendicular

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2
Q

How many bones in Axial & list the main bones

A

Axial: 80 Main bones are skull, laryngeal skeleton, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

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3
Q

How many bones in Appendicular & list the main bones

A

Appendicular: 126 Main bones are Pectoral girdle, arms, forearms, hands, pelvis, legs, feet, and ankles

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4
Q

Total bones in human body?

A

206

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5
Q

Functions of the Skeletal System

A

Support and protection
Body Movement
Produces blood cells
Storage of minerals and fats

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6
Q

(5) The classifications of bones

A

Long, Short, Flat, Irregular, Seasomied

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7
Q

Epiphysis

A

End of both sides of a given bone

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8
Q

Diaphysis

A

The hollow inside of your bone

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9
Q

Articular Cartilage

A

Articular cartilage is the smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints. Protects bone from too much friction

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10
Q

Periosteum

A

The periosteum helps bone growth. The outer periosteum layer contributes to the blood supply of your bones and the surrounding muscles.

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11
Q

Medullary Cavity

A

hollow chamber filled with bone marrow

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12
Q

(2) Functions of Red/Yellow Bone Marrow

A

Red marrow produces blood and Yellow marrow stores fat

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13
Q

Compact Bone Tissue

A

Compact is solid w no holes (wall of the diaphysis)

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14
Q

Spongy Bone Tissue

A

Spongy has lots of holes in it (cancellous, epiphysis) - red marrow

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15
Q

Flexion/Extension

A

Flexion is a movement that decreases the angle between two body parts. Extension isa movement that increases the angle between two body parts

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16
Q

Abduction/Adduction/Circumduction

A

Abduction is the movement away from midline of body. Adduction is the movement towards the midline of body. Circumduction is the movement of a body region in a circular manner.

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17
Q

Rotation

A

Rotation is the movement of the vertebral column, at a pivot joint, or at a ball-and-socket joint

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18
Q

Supination/Pronation

A

Supination is hands facing up with bend in arm. Pronation is hands facing down like a push up

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19
Q

Dorsiflexion/Plantar Flexion

A

Dorsiflexion is toes in the air and Plantar is foot towards the ground

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20
Q

Inversion/Eversion

A

Inversion is feet facing towards midline of the body Eversion is feet facing away from the midline of the body

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21
Q

Protraction/Retraction

A

Protraction is shoulders moving forward and Retraction is shoulders back

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22
Q

Depression/Elevation

A

Depression is shoulders going down and Elevation is them going up

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23
Q

Opposition/Reposition

A

Opposition is thumb and index touching and reposition is back to normal

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24
Q

How many bones are in the cranium

A

The eight bones of the cranium form the “vault” that encloses the brain. They include the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid and ethmoid bones

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25
Q

What is the only movable bone in your skull

A

The only bone in your skull that forms freely movable joints is your mandible, or jawbone.

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26
Q

What are the five vertebral regions (from superior to inferior)

A

Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, Coccygeal

27
Q

How many vertebrae are in cervical

A

7 vertebrae

28
Q

How many vertebrae are in thoracic

A

12 vertebrae

29
Q

How many vertebrae are in lumbar

A

5 vertebrae

30
Q

Scoliosis

A

Lateral curvature of spine

31
Q

Kyphosis

A

Posterior curvature of spine

32
Q

Lordosis

A

A curve inward of the lower back

33
Q

what does the thoracic cage protect

A

It protects your internal organs

34
Q

Costal cartalige

A

Costal cartilage is only found at the anterior ends of the ribs, providing medial extension

35
Q

3 types of ribs and how many

A

True 1-7, false 8-12, floating 11-12

36
Q

Long

A

Thin and curved, points of attachment for muscles

37
Q

irregular

A

Complex shape and protects internal organs

38
Q

Sesamoid

A

Small and round embedded in tendons

39
Q

Red marrow

A

Blood

40
Q

Yellow marrow

A

Fat

41
Q

Pivot

A

Uniaxial joints, allows rotational movement

42
Q

Hinge

A

Uniaxial joints, allows flexion and extension

43
Q

Condyloid

A

Biaxial joint, allows
flexion/extensions,
abduction/adduction, and
circumduction

44
Q

Saddle

A

Biaxial joint, allows
flexion/extensions,
abduction/adduction, and
circumduction

45
Q

Plane

A

Multiaxial joint, allows inversion and eversion of foot, or flexion/extension, and lateral flexion
of the vertebral column

46
Q

Ball and socket

A

Multiaxial joint, allows, allows

flexion/extension of hips and hip

47
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Joint that has limited mobility

48
Q

Diarthrosis

A

A freely mobile joint

49
Q

Synovial Joints

A

This fluid-filled space is so bones don’t rub against each other to harshly. unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint

50
Q

Axial main bones

A

laryngeal skeleton, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

51
Q

Appendicular main bones

A

Pectoral girdle, arms, forearms, hands, pelvis, legs, feet, and ankles

52
Q

The vertebral column

A

the 3 sections that make up the entire spine
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar

53
Q

Thoracic cage

A

It consists of the 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum.
The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1–T12).
The thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs.

54
Q

Pectoral Girdle

A

Clavicle and scapula and the and the pectoral girdle is anchored to the axial skeleton by a single, highly mobile joint

55
Q

Humerus

A

long bone that runs from the shoulder and scapula (shoulder blade) to the elbow

56
Q

Radius

A

It is in the lateral forearm when in the anatomical position. It is the smaller of the two bones

57
Q

Ulna

A

It is located in the medial forearm when the arm is in the anatomical position. It is the larger of the two forearm bones.

58
Q

Carpals

A

In hands superior to metacarpals

59
Q

Metacarpals

A

In hands inferior to carpals

60
Q

Phalanges

A

In both ends of feet and hands

61
Q

Femur

A

Upper bone of the leg

62
Q

Tibia

A

Behind and to the outside of the tibia, and it connects the knee with the ankle bones.

63
Q

Fibula

A

Lateral to the tibia in the lower leg

64
Q

Metatarsals

A

In feet inferior to tarsals

Matthew Casas (10 decks)

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