Skeletal System

Question 1

what is the medical term for the finger and toe bones ?

Answer 1

the phalanges

Question 2

what is the largest bone in the body?

Answer 2

the femur

Question 3

what is the fibrous outer covering of the bone called?

Answer 3

the periosteum

Question 4

what is the shaft of a long bone called?

Answer 4

the diaphysis

Question 5

which bones make up the axial skeleton?

Answer 5

the skull, sternum, spine and ribs

Question 6

what is the condition that causes painful swelling of the joints?

Answer 6

arthritis

Question 7

what is the medical term for the kneecap?

Answer 7

the patella

Question 8

what is the breast bone called?

Answer 8

the sternum

Question 9

what bone injury is characterized by an incomplete separation of the bone?

Answer 9

greenstick fracture

Question 10

what bone injury is characterized by damaged ligaments and no bone abnormalities?

Answer 10

a sprain

Question 11

what disorder is classified by a lateral curvature of the spine?

Answer 11

scoliosis

Question 12

what disorder occurs when bones become porous, lose calcium and phosphorus, and are more likely to fracture?

Answer 12

osteoporosis

Question 13

what is the medical term for a swayback spine?

Answer 13

lordosis

Question 14

what type of joint movement occurs in the knee when you go from sitting to standing?

Answer 14

extension

Question 15

what type of fracture occurs when the bone breaks through the skin?

Answer 15

an open/compound fracture

Question 16

what is the medical term for a humpback spine?

Answer 16

kyphosis

Question 17

what is the process of red blood cell formation in the bone marrow called?

Answer 17

hemopoiesis

Question 18

what type of motion occurs when turning your head side-to-side?

Answer 18

rotation

Question 19

which bone is used when chewing?

Answer 19

the mandible

Question 20

name the 5 cranial bones:

Answer 20

the temporal, frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and occipital bones

Question 21

what are the joints in the skull called?

Answer 21

sutures

Question 22

which joint allows for the most movement?

Answer 22

ball and socket

Question 23

name all 5 of the different types of joints in the human body:

Answer 23

ball and socket, hinge, sutures, pivot, and gliding joints

Question 24

name the two lower arm bones:

Answer 24

radius and ulna

Question 25

which fluid reduces friction during joint movements?

Answer 25

synovial fluid

Question 26

which type of joint is the weakest joint in the body, provides the most movement out of all joints, and includes the shoulder(humerus and scapula)?

Answer 26

ball-and-socket joint

Question 27

which type of joint provides movement in only 2 directions and includes the knee (tibia/fibula and femur)?

Answer 27

hinge joint

Question 28

which type of joint contains a pivot point, has almost full circumduction and includes the wrist, or head?

Answer 28

pivot joints

Question 29

which type of joint has bones glide over one another and includes vertebrae?

Answer 29

gliding joints

Question 30

which type of joint is immovable and is found in the skull?

Answer 30

sutures

Question 31

what is gout?

Answer 31

a build up or uric acid in the body, commonly in the big toe and it mostly occurs in men

Question 32

what is a compound/open fracture?

Answer 32

bone penetrates the skin, high risk of infection, treated with internal fixation or external fixation

Question 33

what is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 33

bone is shattered, treated with internal fixation and immobilization

Question 34

what is a greenstick fracture?

Answer 34

a partial break, usually in children

Question 35

what is a spiral fracture?

Answer 35

bone twists and breaks

Question 36

what is a simple fracture?

Answer 36

aka closed fracture, it does not penetrate skin

Question 37

what is the end of a long bone called?

Answer 37

the epiphysis

Question 38

what is an osteoblast?

Answer 38

a bone building cell

Question 39

what is an osteoclast?

Answer 39

bone reabsorbing cell ("chews" bone)

Question 40

what is an osteocyte?

Answer 40

mature bone cell

Question 41

what is ossification?

Answer 41

the process of bone hardening

Question 42

what are the 5 types of bones?

Answer 42

long, flat, irregular, short, sesamoid

Question 43

what type of bones support weight, facilitate movement, and are found in the arms and legs (humerus and femur)?

Answer 43

long bones

Question 44

what type of bone protect internal organs and include the skull bones, ribs, scapula, sternum, and pelvis?

Answer 44

flat bones

Question 45

what type of bone protects internal organs and include the spinal column and vertebrae?

Answer 45

irregular bones

Question 46

what type of bone provides stability and includes the wrist and ankle bones?

Answer 46

short bones

Question 47

what is the medical term for the hollow center of the shaft of a long bone that is filled with yellow bone marrow?

Answer 47

the medullary canal/cavity

Question 48

what is the medical term of the membrane that lines the walls of the medullary cavity?

Answer 48

the endosteum

Question 49

what is the medical term of the thin layer of cartilage that covers both epiphyses?

Answer 49

articular cartilage

Question 50

name the 5 facial bones:

Answer 50

the nasal bone, the zygomatic arch, the mandible, maxilla, and the hyoid bone

Question 51

how many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 51

7

Question 52

how many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Answer 52

12

Question 53

how many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Answer 53

5

Question 54

the first 7 ribs are called "____ ribs" because they connect directly to the sternum

Answer 54

true ribs

Question 55

the next 5 ribs are called "_____ ribs" because they aren't directly connected to the sternum

Answer 55

false ribs

Question 56

name the 2 bones that make up the shoulder girdle:

Answer 56

the clavicle and scapula

Question 57

name the 3 bones that make up the arm:

Answer 57

the humerus, ulna, and radius

Question 58

how do you know where the radius and ulna are when looking at your arm?

Answer 58

the radius is on the thumb side

Question 59

name the 3 bones that make up the wrist/hand:

Answer 59

carpals(wrist), metacarpals(palm), and the phalanges(fingers)

Question 60

name the 3 bones in the pelvic girdle:

Answer 60

the ilium, pubis, and ischium

Question 61

the pocket where the femur fits into the pelvis is called:

Answer 61

the acetabulum

Question 62

name the 4 bones that make up the leg:

Answer 62

the femur, patella, tibia, and fibula

Question 63

how do you know where the tibia and fibula are when looking at your leg?

Answer 63

the fibula is on the outside of your leg, along your smallest toe

Question 64

what are the 4 bones that make up your feet/heel?

Answer 64

the tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges, and the calcaneus(the heel)

Question 65

what are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 65

supporting the body, protecting internal organs, helping movement/anchorage of the muscles, mineral storage, and hemopoiesis

Question 66

what is flexion?

Answer 66

bringing two bones closer together, bending

Question 67

what is extension?

Answer 67

increasing the angle between two bones, extending

Question 68

what is abduction?

Answer 68

movement of an extremity away from the midline

Question 69

what is adduction?

Answer 69

movement of an extremity towards the midline

Question 70

what is circumduction?

Answer 70

the circular movement of a limb

Question 71

what is rotation?

Answer 71

the pivot motion where a bone moves around a central axis

Question 72

what is pronation?

Answer 72

forearm turns the hand so the palm is downward

Question 73

what is supination?

Answer 73

forearm turns the hand so the palm is upward