SKELETAL SYSTEM

Question 1

∙ Support of the body
∙ Protection of soft organs
∙ Movement due to attached skeletal
muscles
∙ Storage of minerals and fats
∙ Blood cell formation

Answer 1

Bones

Question 2

Parts of the skeletal system

Answer 2

∙Bones (skeleton)
∙ Joints
∙ Cartilages
∙ Ligaments (bone to bone)(tendon=bone to
muscle)

Question 3

two divisions of the skeletal system

Answer 3

∙Axial skeleton
∙Appendicular skeleton – limbs and girdle

Question 4

No. Of skeletal bones

Answer 4

206

Question 5

Two basic types of bone tissue

Answer 5

∙Compact bone
∙ Homogeneous

Question 6

Small needle-like
pieces of bone
∙ Many open spaces

Answer 6

Spongy bone

Question 7

Classification of Bones

Answer 7

. Long bones
∙ Short bones
∙ Flat bones
∙ Irregular bones

Question 8

∙Typically longer
than wide
∙Have a shaft with
heads at both ends
∙Contain mostly
compact bone
•Examples:
Femur, humerus

Answer 8

Long bones

Question 9

∙Generally cube-shape
∙Contain mostly
spongy bone
∙Examples: Carpals,
tarsals, sesamoids

Answer 9

Short bones

Question 10

∙Thin and flattened
∙Usually curved
∙Thin layers of compact
bone around a layer of
spongy bone
∙Examples: Skull, ribs,
sternum

Answer 10

Flat bones

Question 11

∙Irregular shape
∙Do not fit into other
bone classification
categories
∙Example: Vertebrae
and hip

Answer 11

Irregular bone

Question 12

the process of bone formation
by osteoblasts

Answer 12

Ossification

Question 13

the process of bone development from fibrous
membranes.
∙ It is involved in the formation of the flat bones of the
skull, the mandible, and the clavicles.
∙ Occurs in a 12-week old fetus at ossification centers

Answer 13

Intramembronous Ossification

Question 14

process of bone development from hyaline
cartilage.
∙ Occurs in all bones except flat bones

Answer 14

Endochondral Oassification

Question 15

allow for growth of
long bone during childhood

Answer 15

Epiphyseal plate

Question 16

shaft; composed of
compact bone

Answer 16

Diaphysis

Question 17

ends of the bone;
composed of mostly spongy bone

Answer 17

Epiphysis

Question 18

covers the
external surfaces of the epiphyses

Answer 18

Articular cartilage

Question 19

Growth plate

Answer 19

Epiphyseal plate

Question 20

cavity of the shaft;
contains the red and yellow marrow

Answer 20

Medullary cavity

Question 21

Outer covering of the
diaphysis

Answer 21

Periosteum

Question 22

Inner covering of the
diaphysis

Answer 22

Endosteum

Question 23

A unit of bone

Answer 23

Osteon

Question 24

Carries blood vessels and
nerves

Answer 24

Central canal

Question 25

Cavities containing bone cells (osteocytes)

Answer 25

Lacunae

Question 26

Rings around the central canal

Answer 26

Lamellae

Question 27

Tiny canals • Forms a transport system

Answer 27

Canaliculi

Question 28

A break in a bone

Answer 28

Bone fractures

Question 29

Types of bone fractures

Answer 29

Closed (simple) fracture – break that does not penetrate the skin ∙Open (compound) fracture – broken bone penetrates through the skin

Question 30

the place where two bones come together

Answer 30

Joints

Question 31

Three types of joints classified by the amount of movement:

Answer 31

Synarthrosis – Immovable • Amphiarthrosis – Slightly movable • Diarthrosis – Freely movable

Question 32

Three types of joints classified by its structure:

Answer 32

. Fibrous • Cartilaginous • Synovial

Question 33

Forms the longitudinal part of the body ∙ Divided into three parts ∙Skull ∙Vertebral column ∙Bony thorax

Answer 33

The axial skeleton

Question 34

Two sets of bones

Answer 34

Cranium 8 and facial bones 14

Question 35

The only bone that does not articulate with another bone ∙ Serves as a moveable base for the tongue

Answer 35

Hyoid bone

Question 36

Vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs ∙ The spine has a normal curvature ∙ Each vertebrae is given a name according to its location

Answer 36

The vertebral column

Question 37

Forms a cage to protect major organs

Answer 37

The body thorax

Question 38

Bony thorax is Made-up of three parts

Answer 38

∙Sternum ∙Ribs ∙Thoracic vertebrae

Question 39

A slight elevation at the junction of manubrium and body of the sternum • At the level of T4

Answer 39

Sternal angle

Question 40

• A depression located between the ends of the clavicles • At the level of T3

Answer 40

Jugular notch

Question 41

These bones allow the upper limb to have exceptionally free movement

Answer 41

The pectoral girdle

Question 42

Region between the shoulder and the elbow

Answer 42

Humerus

Question 43

The forearm has two bones

Answer 43

Ulna and radius