skeletal system

Question 1

what is the function of bones?

Answer 1

• hold bones together
• flexibility and movement

Question 2

classifications of joints

Answer 2

structure: what theyre made of
function: the type and extent of the movement

Question 3

Types of joints?

Answer 3

1. Fibrous Joints - Immovable (correct bones, no movement. ex. cranium bones)
2. Cartilganious - Slightly Moveable (a little movement. ex. sternum, attached ribs, vertebrae column)
3. Sypnovial - Freely Moveable (More movement than cartilage joints, and cavities between bones are filled with synovial fluid.)

Question 4

What are some characteristics of Synovial Joint?

Answer 4

1. Articulating Cartilage (Hyaline)
2. Joint Capsule
3. Bursae
4. Ligaments

Question 5

What is ossificiation?

Answer 5

The process of bones being formed/formation. As the body.

Question 6

how is calcium good for our body?

Question 7

what does the skeletal system consist of?

Answer 7

• bone
• cartilage
• Fiborous connective tissue

Question 8

what is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?

Answer 8

axial - supports the structures on the main axis of the bodyaches them to the body
appendicular - supports the limbs and att

Question 9

what major parts is the skeleton made out of?

Answer 9

• axial
• appendicular

Question 10

what bones are in the axial skeleton?

Answer 10

• skull
• ribs
• sternum
  -vertebral column

Question 11

what bones/limbs are in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 11

• arms
• legs
  -shoulder
  -pelvic girdle

Question 12

what are the five main functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 12

1. protection
2. movement
3. strucutural support
4. cell growth
5. mineral storage

Question 13

what are the functions of bones?

Answer 13

• support and protect tissue
• attachment site for muscle
• mineral storage: calcium, phspate
• blood cell production
• energy storage in yellow bone marrow

Question 14

what are the types of bones?

Answer 14

• flat
• short
• long
• irregular

Question 15

what are ex of flat bones

Answer 15

skull, thoracic cage, pelvis

Question 16

what are ex. of long bones?

Answer 16

• femur, lower limbs, upper limbs

Question 17

what are ex. of short bones?

Answer 17

• carpals (wrist), tarsals (foot)

Question 18

what are ex. of irregular bones?

Answer 18

vertebrae, pelvis

Question 19

what are the sections of vertebrae?

Answer 19

1. cervical (7)
2. thoracic (12)
3. lumbar (5)
4. sacrum (1)
5. coccyx (1)

Question 20

what are ex. of sesamoid boens?

Answer 20

• patella

Question 21

what is the anatomy of a long bone?

Answer 21

1. diaphysis = shaft
2. epiphysis = one end of a long bone - form joints with other bones
3. metaphysis - areas between the epiphysis and diaphysis
4. articular cartilage - over joint surfaces acts as a friction reducer, and shock absorber. movement
5. medullary cavity - marrow
6. endosteum - inner connective tissue, living of a marrow cavity
7. periosteum - tough membrane covering bone but not the cartilage
8. epiphyseal plate - cartilage between diaphysis and epiphysis

Question 22

what are bones made of?

Answer 22

• compact bone
• spongy bone
• bone marrow

Question 23

what is compact bone made of ?

Answer 23

• osteons.
• contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, and osteocytes along with the calcified matrix
• aligned in the same dirction of stress lines
• lines can slowly change as the stress of the bone changes

Question 24

what is spongy tissue made up of?

Answer 24

• supports and portects
• consists of trabeculae and surrounding red marrow filled spaces

Question 25

cells involed in cell formation

Answer 25

- osteoblasts: bone forming cells - osteocytes: mature bone cells - osteoclasts: break down and reabsorb bone

Question 26

what are fibrous joints?

Answer 26

- immovable; connects bones and no movements

Question 27

what are cartilaginous joints?

Answer 27

- slightly omveable, bones are attached to cartilage, little movement

Question 28

what are synovial joints?

Answer 28

- freely moveable, much more movement than cartilaginous joints. - cavities between bones are filled with synovial liquid. this fluid helps to protect the bone and lubricate them.

Question 29

where are firbous joints found?

Answer 29

- parts of the skull - sultures

Question 30

where are cartilagenous joints found?

Answer 30

- vertebrae - slight movement possible

Question 31

where are synovial joints found?

Answer 31

- allows the most movement - ligaments - between limbs,

Question 32

what are the types of synovial (moving) joints?

Answer 32

1. gliding joint 2. hinge joint 3. pivot joint 4. ellipsoid 5. saddle joint 6. ball and socket joint

Question 33

where are glidung joints found? what are they

Answer 33

- hands, feet - slides psat each other

Question 34

what are hinge joints/ where are they

Answer 34

- a joint that allows extension and flexion. - found in elbows, knee - only move in one way

Question 35

what are pivot joints? where are they?

Answer 35

- pivot joints allow u to rotate - found in vertebrae or allows neck to rotate

Question 36

what are ellipsoid joints? where are they?

Answer 36

- all movement except for pivotal - bones in wrist and oval shaped to fit into places

Question 37

wjere are saddle joints? what are they

Answer 37

- allows

Question 38

where are ball and socket joints? what aret h