Flashcards in Skeletal System Deck (122)
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1
A vertebra that takes on characteristics on both sides of a major division of the spine
Transitional Vertebra
2
A transitional vertebra of C7-T1 is what?
An extra rib
3
A transitional vertebra of T12-L1 is what?
rib articulating with transverse process
4
A transitional vertebra of L5-S1 is what?
Expanded transverse process (unilateral or bilateral)
5
Posterior defect of the spinal canal-failure to close properly
Spina Bifida
6
A mild form of spina bifida in which there is a splitting of the bony neural canal at the L5-S1 level
Spina Bifida Occulta
7
Large defects are associated with spinal cord abnormalities & lead to what?
Muscular abnormalities and lack of bladder or bowel control.
8
Slight ________ of skin or tuft of _______ over the site of lesion/defect in Spina Bifida
dimpling/ hair
9
Herniation of meninges from large defects in the lumbar or cervical spine
Meningocele
10
Herniation of meninges & portion of spinal cord or nerve roots
Myelomeningocele
11
What is the appearance of spina bifida
1. Large bony defects, absence of laminae & increased interpedicular distance
2, Soft tissue mass posterior to spine
12
Another name for Marble Bone Disease
Osteopetrosis
13
A rare hereditary bone dysplasia in which failure of the resorptive mechanism of calcified cartilage interferes with the normal replacement by mature bone. Prevents bone marrow from forming (brittle bone-stress fx)
Osteopetrosis
14
With Osteopetrosis, what do you need to do for technique
increase in technique due to generalized increase in bone density.
15
Brittle Bone Disease
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
16
Disorder of connective tissue with severe osteoporosis. Thin, defective cortices (low kvp). Its Characterized by multiple fractures (exuberant callus formation, bizarre deformaties).
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
17
What disease of the bone sometimes may be confused with Child Abuse because of the presentation of multiple fractures in different stages of the healing process?
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
18
Diminished proliferation of cartilage in the growth plate-Most common form of dwarfism
Achondroplasia
19
What is the appearance of Achondroplasia?
1. Progressive narrowing of interpedicular distance from superior to inferior (opposite of normal).
2. Scalloping of posterior margins of lumbar vertebral bodies.
3. Long bones appear short & thick
20
Acetabulum does not completely form causing head of femur to become displaced superiorly and posteriorly. Ligaments & tendons / unilateral or bilateral. Mostly occurs in females
Congenital Hip Dysplasia
21
What views are needed to demonstrate congenital hip dysplasia?
AP and bilateral frog leg (cleaves)
22
Chronic systemic disease of unknown cause. Inflammation and overgrowth of synovial tissue. Periarticular soft tissue swelling, symmetric joint destruction & deformity.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
23
In Rheumatoid Arthritis where is it most commonly found and in whom?
Small bones of hands and feet (crippling deformity).
Females/ avg age is 40 years
24
How does Rheumatoid Arthritis begin?
As an inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines the joints.
25
Excessive exudate (fluid) causes what in Rheumatoid Arthritis?
proliferation of synovium
26
Rheumatoid Arthritis results in what?
a mass that causes erosion of articular cartilage and underlying cortex (development of ankylosis-bone fusion across joint).
27
In Rheumatoid Arthritis the destruction of cartilage causes what?
narrowing of joint space
28
Ulnar deviation in the hands is common in what disease?
Rheumatoid Arthritis
29
Progressive form of arthritis involving the spine and SI joints.
Ankylosing Spondylitis
30
