Skeletal System

Question 1

Parts of the skeletal system

Answer 1

Bones, Joints, Cartilage, Ligaments

Question 2

2 divisions of the skeleton

Answer 2

Axial, Appendicular

Question 3

Functions of Bones

Answer 3

Support Body
Protection of soft organs
Movement due to attached Skeletal muscles 
Storage of minerals and fats
Blood cell formation

Question 4

Adult skeleton has how many bones?

Answer 4

206

Question 5

2 basic types of bone tissue

Answer 5

Compact, Spongy

Question 6

Another name for spongy bone

Answer 6

trabecular

Question 7

5 different bone shapes

Answer 7

Long
Short
Irregular 
Flat 
Sesamoid

Question 8

Classifications of Long bones

Answer 8

Typically longer then wide
Have a shaft with heads at both ends
contain mostly compact bone

Question 9

Examples of long bones

Answer 9

Femur

Humerus

Question 10

Classifications of Short bones

Answer 10

Generally cube-shaped

Contain mostly spongy bone

Question 11

Examples of short bone

Answer 11

Carpals

Tarsals

Question 12

Classifications of Flat bones

Answer 12

thin and flattened
usually curved
thin layers of compact bone arond a layer of spongy bone

Question 13

Examples of flat bone

Answer 13

Skull
Ribs
Sternum

Question 14

Classifications of irregular bone

Answer 14

Irregular shapes

do not fit into other bone classifications

Question 15

Examples of Irregular bones

Answer 15

Vertebrae

Hip

Question 16

Diaphysis

Answer 16

Shaft of long bone

Composed of compact bone

Question 17

Epiphysis

Answer 17

Ends of the bone

Composed mostly of spongy bone

Question 18

Proximal Epiphysis

Answer 18

closer to the body

Question 19

Distal Epiphysis

Answer 19

farther from the center of the body

Question 20

Periosteum

Answer 20

Outside covering of diaphysis

Fibrous connective tissue membrane

Question 21

Sharpeys Fibers

Answer 21

Secures periosteum to underlying bone

Question 22

Arteries

Answer 22

Supply bone cells with nutrients

Question 23

Articular Cartilage

Answer 23

Covers external surface of epiphyses
Made of hyaline cartilage
Decreases friction at joint surfaces

Question 24

Medullary Cavity

Answer 24

Cavity of the shaft
Contains yellow bone marrow in adults
Contains red bone marrow in infants

Question 25

Osteon

Answer 25

A unit of bone

Question 26

Central canal

Answer 26

Opening in the center of the osteon and the length of the bone Carries blood vessels and nerves

Question 27

Perforating Canal

Answer 27

Canal perpendicular to the central canal | Carries blood vessels and nerves

Question 28

Lacunae

Answer 28

Cavities containing osteocytes

Question 29

Osteocytes

Answer 29

bone cells

Question 30

Arranged in concentric rings

Answer 30

Lacunae

Question 31

Lamellae

Answer 31

Rings around the central canal, Sites of lacunae

Question 32

Osteoblast

Answer 32

build bone

Question 33

Osteoclast

Answer 33

reabsorbs bone (chews)

Question 34

Canaliculi

Answer 34

Tiny canals Radiates from the central canal to lacunae Form a transport system

Question 35

When developing, the _____ beings the change from cartilage skeleton to bone

Answer 35

Runx2

Question 36

Where does cartilage remain isolated as we age

Answer 36

Bridge of nose Parts of ribs Joints

Question 37

What allows for growth of long bone during childhood

Answer 37

Epiphyseal plates

Question 38

Epiphyseal Plates

Answer 38

New cartilage is continuously formed | Older cartilage becomes ossified

Question 39

Bone growth

Answer 39

Bones are remodeled and lengthened until growth stops, grows in width

Question 40

Appositionally

Answer 40

Decrease in bone width

Question 41

What is bone remodeling?

Answer 41

bone changes throughout lifetime and requires balance between creation and reabsorption

Question 42

Types of bone fractures

Answer 42

Closed (simple) | Open (compound)

Question 43

What is a closed fracture?

Answer 43

a break that does not penetrate the skin

Question 44

What is an open fracture?

Answer 44

a break that penetrates through the skin

Question 45

How are bone fractures treated?

Answer 45

Reduction and immobilization, realignment of the bone

Question 46

What is a hematoma?

Answer 46

blood-filled swelling under the skin

Question 47

Why is a hematoma important for broken bones?

Answer 47

important for healing, supplies vital nutrients from the blood

Question 48

How does a bone fracture heal?

Answer 48

Break is splinted by fibrocartilage to form a callus, which is replaced by bony callus then its remodeled to form a permanent patch

Question 49

Types of joints

Answer 49

Functional | Structural

Question 50

What do joints do

Answer 50

articulate bones

Question 51

Function of joints

Answer 51

holds bone together | allows for mobility

Question 52

Functional Classifications of Joints

Answer 52

Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diarthrose

Question 53

Synathrose joints

Answer 53

immovable joints

Question 54

Amphiarthroses joints

Answer 54

slightly moveable joints

Question 55

Diarthroses joints

Answer 55

freely movable joints