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HUBS 191 > Skeleton Structure > Flashcards

Skeleton Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the skeleton

A

Support, movement, protection, storage and red blood cell formation

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2
Q

Types of bone

A

Compact and cancellous

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3
Q

Features of compact bone

A

Strong, good at transmitting force in one direction

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4
Q

Features of cancellous bone

A

Light and spongy, shock absorbing, resists and channels force from multiple directions

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5
Q

Classes of bone

A

Long, short, flat, irregular

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6
Q

Long bone features

A

Longer than wide
Wider epiphyses and longer diaphysis
Acts as lever
Thicker compact bone in diaphysis
Mostly limb bones

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7
Q

Features of short bones

A

Close to equal width and length
Mostly cancellous bones
Weight bearing

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8
Q

Flat bones

A

More surface area
Protection
More muscle attachment
Thin plates of compact bone

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9
Q

Irregular bones

A

Various shapes and functions
Doesn’t fit other categories

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10
Q

Divisions of skeleton

A

Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton

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11
Q

Bones in Axial skeleton

A

Skull
Sternum
Ribs
Vertebral column
Sacrum
Coccyx

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12
Q

Bones in Appendicular skeleton

A

Limbs
Long bones

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13
Q

Purpose of axial skeleton

A

Protection of vital organs

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14
Q

Purpose of appendicular skeleton

A

Important for movement

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15
Q

What bones make up the skull

A

Cranium
Facial bones

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16
Q

What joins the bones of the skull

A

Sutures

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17
Q

Purpose of vertebral column

A

Keeps the trunk upright
Supports head

18
Q

Divisions of vertebral column

A

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacrum
Coccyx

19
Q

How many cervical vertebrae

A

7

20
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae

A

12

21
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae

A

5

22
Q

How many ribs on the rib cage

A

24

23
Q

The two proximal long bones

A

Humerus and femur

24
Q

The two sets of distal long bones

A

Ulna and radius
Tibia and fibula

25
Q

Differences between U&R and T&F

A

U&R more mobile
U&R not weight bearing

26
Q

What provides leg stability

A

No pronation/supination
Ankle joint is very stable
Tibia is very robust

27
Q

Bones that make up the hand

A

Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges

28
Q

How many carpals in the hand

A

8

29
Q

How many metacarpals in the hand

A

5

30
Q

How many phalanges in the hand

A

14

31
Q

What bones make up the foot

A

Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

32
Q

How many tarsals in the foot

A

7

33
Q

How many metatarsals in the foot

A

5

34
Q

How many phalanges in the foot

A

14

35
Q

What attaches the shoulder to the axial skeleton

A

Pectoral girdle

36
Q

What makes up the pectoral girdle

A

Clavicle and scapula

37
Q

What attaches the lower limbs to the axial skeleton

A

Pelvic girdle

38
Q

What makes up the pelvic girdle

A

2 hip bones
Sacrum

39
Q

Defining feature of female pelvis

A

Larger pelvic cavity - more circular
Pelvis outlet more open

40
Q
A

HUBS 191 (7 decks)

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