Skeleton System

Question 1

What 2 parts can the skeletal system be divided into?

Answer 1

Axial

Appendicular

Question 2

Which skeletal system is the skull part of?

Answer 2

Axial

Question 3

Which skeletal system does the sternum belong to?

Answer 3

Axial

Question 4

Name all the axial skeleton bones

Answer 4

Skull, spine, ribs, sternum

Question 5

Does the shoulder girdle belong to the appendicular or axial skeletal system?

Answer 5

Appendicular

Question 6

Which skeletal system does the pelvic girdle belong to?

Answer 6

Appendicular

Question 7

Name the appendicular skeleton bones

Answer 7

shoulder girdle, upper limbs, lower limbs, pelvic girdle

Question 8

The lower and upper limbs belong to which skeletal system?

Answer 8

Appendicular

Question 9

The hand has how many types of phalanges?

Answer 9

3

Question 10

Name the three phalanges of the hand

Answer 10

distal, intermediate, proximal

Question 11

Metacarpals belong to the hand or foot

Answer 11

hand

Question 12

the foot has how many phalanges

Answer 12

3

Question 13

metatarsals and tarsals belong to the hand or foot

Answer 13

foot

Question 14

What is a middle phalange?

Answer 14

the bone between the distal and proximal bones ON THE FOOT

Question 15

what is the difference between an intermediate phalange and a middle phalange

Answer 15

middle is foot, intermediate is hand

Question 16

Which skeletal system is this?

Answer 16

Axial

Question 17

What skeletal system is this?

Answer 17

appendicular

Question 18

The ilium bones are in what classification?

Answer 18

the pelvis (appendicular)

Question 19

What is the ischium bone?

Answer 19

the lower (inferior) rear of the pelvis - 2 bones

Question 20

How many carpal bones are there in the hand?

Answer 20

16 bones (2 rows of 4 bones that form the wrist)

Question 21

How many phalange bones are in the hand?

Answer 21

28

Question 22

how many metacarpal bones are in the hand?

Answer 22

10 (palm of the hand)

Question 23

How many tarsals in the foot?

Answer 23

14 (bones of ankle)

Question 24

howe many metatarsal bones are there?

Answer 24

10 (bones of the foot)

Question 25

how many phalange bones are there in the foot?

Answer 25

28 (bones in toes)

Question 26

How many bones are there in the hand?

Answer 26

54

Question 27

Name the three typers of bones in the arm

Answer 27

humerus, radius, ulna

Question 28

Which location is the femur bone found?

Answer 28

the leg

Question 29

what is the scapula bone?

Answer 29

located in the shoulder

Question 30

the larger and inner (medial) bone of the lower leg is called what? Tibia or Fibia?

Answer 30

Tibia

Question 31

THe human skeleton contains roughly how many bones?

Answer 31

206

Question 32

what is bone made of?

Answer 32

a calcified connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton

Question 33

\_\_\_\_\_ bones are longer than they are wide

Answer 33

long

Question 34

\_\_\_\_\_ bones are as long as they are wide

Answer 34

short bones

Question 35

\_\_\_\_\_ bones are thin and cancellous sandwiched between 2 layers of compact bone

Answer 35

flat

Question 36

\_\_\_\_ bones are many different shapes and cannot be classified

Answer 36

irregular

Question 37

\_\_\_ bones are seed-like and located within tendons

Answer 37

seamold

Question 38

Give 2 examples of a long bone

Answer 38

Humerus, radius

Question 39

give 2 examples of a long bone

Answer 39

ulna, phalanges

Question 40

give 2 examples of a short bone

Answer 40

carpals, tarsals

Question 41

give 2 examples of a flat bone

Answer 41

cranium, sternum

Question 42

give an example of an irregular bone

Answer 42

vertebrae

Question 43

give an example of a sesamold bone

Answer 43

patella

Question 44

Name 2 flat bones

Answer 44

costal bones (ribs), scapulae

Question 45

the femur and fibular are what type of bone?

Answer 45

long bone

Question 46

the carpals and tarsals are what type of bone?

Answer 46

short bone

Question 47

what is the sesamoid bone?

Answer 47

patella

Question 48

name an irregular bone

Answer 48

pelvic bones

Question 49

Describe epiphysis

Answer 49

the bone ends which are mainly compromised of cancellous bone

Question 50

Which section of the long bone stores red bone marrow?

Answer 50

the epiphysis

Question 51

What is the diaphysis

Answer 51

the shaft portion of a long bone

Question 52

is the diaphysis cancellous or compact bone

Answer 52

it is made predominantly of compact bone

Question 53

\_\_\_\_\_ are the part of the region connecting the diaphysis and the epiphysis

Answer 53

epiphyseal line (plates)

Question 54

What cells are arranged like columns of coins?

Answer 54

cartilaginous

Question 55

What is articular cartilage?

Answer 55

the ends of the articulating bones are covered with articular or hyaline cartilage

Question 56

what is articular cartilage made of

Answer 56

a hard, white, shiny tissue which helps reduce friction

Question 57

What are compact bones composed of?

Answer 57

lamellae

Question 58

What type of bone tissue is the hard outer structure of the skeleton?

Answer 58

the compact bone (cortical bone)

Question 59

What bone is supplied with oxygen and nutrients through a blood supply?

Answer 59

compact bones

Question 60

What is the difference between cortical and cancellous bone?

Answer 60

cortical bone is hard and heavy (dense). Cancellous bone is spongy, less dense, and softer of the two types

Question 61

How does compact bone receive its blood supply?

Answer 61

through structures called Haversian or osteons

Question 62

Which type of bone tissue is highly vascularized and porous?

Answer 62

Cancellous (spongy bone)

Question 63

Which type of bone tissue is where bloods cells are created?

Answer 63

Cancellous bone

Question 64

What is periosteum? (long bone)

Answer 64

tough fiberous membrane which coats the bone

Question 65

name 2 things that are contained in the periosteum

Answer 65

blood vessels, nerves

Question 66

what provides the point of attachment for tendons? Periosteum or the endosteum

Answer 66

periosteum

Question 67

what is the medullary cavity?

Answer 67

the space within the centre of the diaphysis

Question 68

what does the medullary cavity contain?

Answer 68

contains fatty yellow marrow

Question 69

Whhat contains 2 layers? The periosteum or the endosteum ?

Answer 69

the periosteum

Question 70

What is the name of bone forming cells?

Answer 70

osteoblasts

Question 71

what are bone destroying cells?

Answer 71

osteoclasts

Question 72

what are osteocytes?

Answer 72

osteoblasts that have matured into bone cells

Question 73

what is ossification?

Answer 73

the constant activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts is the process in which new bones are formed

Question 74

What compound must be present for ossification to take place?

Answer 74

calcium

Question 75

What aids the process of ossification?

Answer 75

blood aids by depositing minerals and salts into the bone via osteoblasts

Question 76

Ossification is complete between what age range?

Answer 76

18 to 30

Question 77

Lengthening of the bone is achieved by what?

Answer 77

the expansion of epiphyseal plates at each end of the disaphysis

Question 78

what three things does bone consist of?

Answer 78

water, protein, mineral salts

Question 79

Name 3 osteoporosis risk factors

Answer 79

lack of exercise, low body fat, overtraining

Question 80

what is osteoporisis?

Answer 80

osteoblast activity decreases causing a drop in bone growth which leads to a gradua loss in bone density

Question 81

Bone development is influenced by which 4 factors?

Answer 81

nutrition, hormonal excretions, exposure to sunlight, physical exercise

Question 82

What helps bone development?

Answer 82

calcium and vitamin D

Question 83

What classification are bones found within tendons? Sesamoid, flat, irregular?

Answer 83

Sesamoid bones (triangle-shaped bones)