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Summer 2014: Physiology > Skin Physiology > Flashcards

Skin Physiology Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

what causes pigmentation in the skin?

A

melanocytes

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2
Q

what plays an important role in skin coloration (not pigmentation)?

A

hemoglobin

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3
Q

when hemoglobin content decreases, skin color will?

A

become pale (pallor/blanching)

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4
Q

when hemoglobin content decreases excessively, skin color will?

A

become blue (cynosis)

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5
Q

when hemoglobin rushes to the skin due to vasodilation, skin color will?

A

become pink

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6
Q

medical term for skin redness?

A

erythema

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7
Q

NTC: embarassment

A

erythema

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8
Q

NTC: fever

A

erythema

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9
Q

NTC: hypertension

A

erythema

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10
Q

NTC: inflammation/allergy

A

erythema

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11
Q

NTC: emotional distress

A

Pallor/Blanching

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12
Q

NTC: anemia

A

Pallor/Blanching

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13
Q

NTC: low blood pressure

A

Pallor/Blanching

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14
Q

NTC: Liver disease

A

Jaundice

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15
Q

NTC: Bile in tissue

A

Jaundice

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16
Q

NTC: hypofunction of the adrenal cortex

A

Bronzing

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17
Q

NTC: bruising or blood clots

A

Black and Blue

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18
Q

NTC: accumulation of melanin

A

freckles and moles

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19
Q

NTC: too much vitamin A

A

Orange

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20
Q

NTC: bile pigments in blood and carotenes in subcutaneous fat

A

Yellowish

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21
Q

location of specialized cutaneous receptors and nerve endings

A

dermal layer of the skin

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22
Q

how does vasodilation regulated body temp?

Study These Flashcards
A

increasing blood flow

23
Q

how does vasoconstriction regulated body temp?

Study These Flashcards
A

decreasing blood flow

24
Q

Parts of a skin assessment (5):

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Color
  2. Integrity
  3. Moisture
  4. Temperature
  5. Turgor
25
of days for skin renewal?
28-50 by shedding the outtermost layer
26
pH range for skin
4.0 to 5.6
27
Thin outer layer of skin?
Epidermis
28
Thick CT layer of skin?
Dermis
29
Subcutaneous layer of skin?
Hypodermis
30
What layer follows the subcutaneous?
Muscle and Fat
31
What is the epidermis made of?
Stratified ET
32
T/F Epidermis is vascular
False
33
How does the epidermis get it's nutrients?
the capillaries in the dermis
34
which layer of the skin contains nerves, blood, and lymph?
Dermis
35
Where do oil and sweat glands originate?
Dermis
36
What layer of the skin is responsible for stretch marks?
Dermis
37
Which layer of the skin anchors skin to underlying structures?
Hypodermis
38
Which layer of the skin contains adipose tissue and blood vessels?
Hypodermis
39
Which layer of the skin is a common site for injections?
Hypodermis
40
What layers does a partial thickness tissue loss wound include?
Epidermis and into the dermis
41
How does a partial thickness tissue loss wound heal?
Epitheliaztion/Regeneration of epidermis across the wound
42
What layers does a full thickness tissue loss wound include?
Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis (subcutaneous) AND may involve muscle, tendon, or bone
43
Stages of a full thickness tissue loss wound healing (3)?
1. Granulation 2. Contraction 3. Epithelialization
44
what is eschar/slough?
dead skin where nerves are dead or dying; usually black in color
45
what're the stages of wound healing (4)?
1. Not Healing 2. Early/Partial Granulation 3. Fully Granulating 4. Newly Epithelialized
46
what is exudate?
liquid
47
In what layer does granulation take place?
hypodermal/subcutaneous
48
most common site for pressure ulcers?
bony prominences
49
what is shear?
mechanical force caused my gravity and friction
50
Where do venous ulcers usually occur on the body?
lower extremity
51
where do diabetic ulcers usually occur?
lower limbs
52
what causes venous/stasis ulcers?
inadequate venous circulation
53
what causes arterial ulcers?
inadequate blood supply (usually from blockages such as fatty plaque in the arteries)

Summer 2014: Physiology (10 decks)

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