skull

Question 1

how many bones are in the skull and for what it divided

Answer 1

the skull has 22 bones,8 for the braincase (neurocranium) and 14 facial bones

Question 2

mention the bones that the cranial bones is divided for

Answer 2

1-frontal, sphenoid,ethmoid,occipital
2-pariatal ,temporal

Question 3

bones of briancase devised to

Answer 3

1 cranial vault
2 cranial base

Question 4

which bones the cranial vault contains

Answer 4

frontal /parietal/ greater wing of sphenoid
squamous of occipital and temporal

Question 5

crinial base bones

Answer 5

orbital frontal/ethmoid/sphenoid/petrous temporaland basilar occipit

Question 6

what is the joints for each:
cranial vault -
cranial base-

Answer 6

fibrous joints(collagen)
cartilaginous joints (stable butmoves abit)

synovial joints with fluid - freely movable

Question 7

cranvault bones are?

Answer 7

diplor bones : the spongy cancellous bone separating the inner and outer layers of the cortical bone of the skull.

Question 8

what is the sutuers in the cranial vault?

Answer 8

1 coronal suture
2 sagittal
3 limbdoid

Question 9

what are the main points in cranial vault?

Answer 9

1 bregma -sag/coro
2 lambda -sag/limbd
3 vertex -top most point of cranium
4 pterion

Question 10

what is the weakest point in the skull/why?

Answer 10

pterion (H shap sutures)
its the junction betwen four different bones

pteron in latin means wing

Question 11

why pterion is very dangerous area?

Answer 11

under it is a very important blood vessal called middle meningeal artry which can lead to a hematoma

hematoma- blood accumilatting

Question 12

cranial base (interion view) the floor of the brian box has two surfaces ?

Answer 12

1 internal surface -3 fossae -ant,mid,post
2 external surface -inferio raspect of the skull

Question 13

anterior cranial fossa contains of :

Answer 13

1- orbital plats of frontal bone
2-lesser wing of sphenoid
3-cribtiform plate of eithmoid

Question 14

cribtiform plate of eithmoid location

Answer 14

central,, roof of nasal cavity perforated for transmission of olf.ns
crista galli ;cocks comb

perforated;مثقب

Question 15

what is crista galli ?

Answer 15

median projection form crib.ethmiod that provided attachments site for meninges

meninges three membranes layers that cover,protect brain spinal cord CNS

Question 16

what are the foramina in ant.fossa:

Answer 16

1-foramen cacum
2-olfactory foramina

Question 17

middle cranial fossa(butterfly shaped)
consit of :

Answer 17

1 sella turcica
2 depressed parts
3 sphenoid bone
4 sup.borders of temporal

sella turcica(sphenoid body )

Question 18

sella turcica composed of :

Answer 18

1 tuberculum sellae-horn,ant.elevation
2 hypophysical fossa-pituitary fossa
3 dorsum sellae -back of saddle,pot.elevation
4 (all surrounded by clinoid proesses)

Question 19

what is the pituitary gland (sella turcica )surrounded by?

Answer 19

ant,post. clinoid proesses (bed post)

Question 20

comosed of sphenoid bone :

Answer 20

1 body -air sinuses
2 greater wing
3 lesser wing
4 pterygoid processes (legs)

Question 21

foramina in middle cranial fossa:

Answer 21

1 optic canal cnll
2 sup.orbital fissure
3 foramen rotundum O V2
4 foramen ovale 0 V3
5 foramen spinosum middle meningeal artey
6 foramen lacerum

Question 22

posterior cranial fossa made of:

largest and deepest fossa

Answer 22

1 post.surface of petrous temporal
2 occioital bone
3 very small portion of sphenoid body

Question 23

posterior cranial fossa lcentrally

Answer 23

clivus
f.magnum
int .occipital crest
IOP
linear depression
-transverse v sinuses
-sigmoid v.sinuses

Question 24

foramina in post.fossa:

Answer 24

1 foramen Magnum -biger middle one
2 jugular foramen -int,jugular v -CNlX -CNX -CNXl
3 hypoglossal canal -cn xll
4 internal acoustic meaturs -ear/ cn vll/ vlll 8

Question 25

*External surface of cranial base *inferior aspect of skull *

Answer 25

1-facial parts
alveolar/palatine processes of maxilla
horizontal plates of palatine bone
vomer
**2-briancase bones **
sphenoid
temporal bone -styloid and mastoid processes
occipitsl bone
1bcondylar part
2 squamos part