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Skull anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

how can the bones of the brain be divided? [2] desribe basic roles of each

A

neurocranim: cranial vault: protect brain

visecerocranium: facial skeleton: cavities for sense organs, secure teeth, framework of face

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2
Q

how are flat bones of brain formed? [1]

A

how are flat bones of brain formed? [1]
Intramembranous ossification: the replacement of sheet-like connective tissue membranes with bony tissue.

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

what are the

red
yellow
light green
purple
blue

bones?

A

what are the

red: tempora
yellow: sphenoid
light green: temporal bone
purple: parietal bone
blue: occipital

bones?

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5
Q
A
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6
Q
A
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7
Q

what is A?

why is it clinically significant? [1]

A

Pterion

clinically significant: junction of bones so is a weak spot. behind it closely runs the middle meningial artery. trauma here can damage artery easily

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8
Q

what are fontanelles? [1]

what is their function [2]?

A

what are fontanelles? [1]
wide sutures in new born covered by membrane

function

  • allow bone to expand with growth of brain
  • allow pressure on skull during birth
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9
Q

which fontanelle do you examine when looking at increase in cranial pressure / dehydation of baby? [1]

A

anterior fontanelle

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

which bone houses the middle and internal ear?

parietal
temporal
sphenoidal
lacrimal
ethmoid

A

which bone houses the middle and internal ear?

parietal
temporal
sphenoidal
lacrimal
ethmoid

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12
Q

which part of the temporal bone contains the organs of hearing?

squamous
external acoustic meatus
petrous part
mastoid process
styloid process

A

which part of the temporal bone contains the organs of hearing?

squamous
external acoustic meatus
petrous part
mastoid process
styloid process

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

which bone is this?

temporal
ethmoid
mandible
maxilla
sphenoid

A

which bone is this?

temporal
ethmoid
mandible
maxilla
​sphenoid

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15
Q
A
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16
Q

which part of the sphenoid does pituitary gland sit it?

anterior clinoid process
greater wing
superior orbital fissure
sella turcicia
posterior clinoid process

A

which part of the sphenoid does pituitary gland sit it?

anterior clinoid process
greater wing
superior orbital fissure
sella turcicia
​posterior clinoid process

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17
Q

what is the green bit? what find in it?

what do you find at the anteiror and posterior ends?

A

sella tucicia - pituitary gland!

anterior clinoid process
posterior clinoid process

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18
Q
A
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19
Q

which of the following is the tentorial notch?

A
B
C
D
E

A

which of the following is the tentorial notch?

A
B
C
D
​E

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20
Q

which of the following is the falx cerebri

A
B
C
D
​E

A

which of the following is the falx cerebri

A
B
C
D
​E

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21
Q

which of the following is the tentorium cerebellum?

A
B
C
D
​E

A

which of the following is the tentorium cerebellum?

A
B
C
D
​E

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22
Q

what are dural venous sinuses? [1]

Study These Flashcards
A

what are dural venous sinuses? [1]
between periosteal and meningeal layers of dura mater is a network of endothlial lined spaces filled wtih venois blood

25
label A-E
A: **temporal** B: **sphenoid** C: **ethmoid** D: **occipital bone** E: **temporal bone**
26
27
what is
ethmoid bone - purple sphenoid bone - red zygomatic bone - yellow
28
29
which bone is cribiform plate in? sphenoid temporal vomer ethmoid palatine
which bone is cribiform plate in? sphenoid temporal vomer **ethmoid** palatine
30
maxillary sinus drains into: - superior meatus - middle meatus - inferior meatus - ethmoid sinus - inferior cochae
maxillary sinus drains into: - superior meatus * *- middle meatus** - inferior meatus - ethmoid sinus - inferior cochae
31
what are A & B?
A: ethmoid sinus B: sphenoid sinus
32
A: **maxillary sinus** B: **middle conchae** C: **maxilla** D: **frontal bone** E: **ethmoid sinus**
33
37
which bones make up the anterior cranial fossa? [3] which lobe of brain lies in the anterior cranial fossa? [1] which bones make up the middle cranial fossa? [3] which lobe of brain lies in the middle cranial fossa? [2] which bones make up the posterior cranial fossa? [4] which lobe of brain lies in the posterior cranial fossa? [1]
which bones make up the anterior cranial fossa? [3] **frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid** which lobe of brain lies in the anterior cranial fossa? [1] **frontal lobe** which bones make up the middle cranial fossa? [3] **sphenoid, temporal and parietal** which lobe of brain lies in the middle cranial fossa? [1] **temporal lobes & pituitaury gland** which bones make up the posterior cranial fossa? [4] **sphenoid, parietal, temporal and occipital** which lobe of brain lies in the posterior cranial fossa? [1] **cerebellum**
38
which is the smallest foramen in the brain? formen spinosum carotid canal jugular foramen foramen lacerum
39
damage to the middle meningeal artery at the pterion results in what? [1]
damage to the middle meningeal artery at the pterion results in what? [1] **extradural haemotoma**
40
which foramen do the dural venous sinuses drain out of and into the internal jugular vein? formen spinosum carotid canal jugular foramen foramen lacerum foreman magnum
which foramen do the dural venous sinuses drain out of and into the internal jugular vein? formen spinosum carotid canal **jugular foramen** foramen lacerum foreman magnum
41
which foramen does the internal carotid artery enter brain? formen spinosum carotid canal jugular foramen foramen lacerum foreman magnum
which foramen does the internal carotid artery enter brain? ​ formen spinosum **carotid canal** jugular foramen foramen lacerum foreman magnum
42
label A-C x
43
label the different parts of the internal carotid artery
44
which foramen does the internal carotid artery pass over the top of? formen spinosum carotid canal jugular foramen foramen lacerum foreman magnum
which foramen does the internal carotid artery pass over the top of? ​ formen spinosum carotid canal jugular foramen **foramen lacerum** foreman magnum
45
46
which CN is this? which strucutre does it enter the skull through? which bone does this lie in?
which CN is this? **olfactory nerve** which strucutre does it enter the skull through? **through cribiform plate** which bone does this lie in? **ethmoid bone**
47
48
which nerves are these? [3] (going down) which structure do they innervate? which opening do they all pass through?
which nerves are these? [3] (going down) **oculomotor III** **trochlea IV abducens VI** which structure do they innervate? **muscles that surround eye** which opening do they all pass through? **superior orbital fissure**
49
which is the largest cranial nerve? opthamalic VN trigeminal optic glosspharnyngeal
which is the largest cranial nerve? opthamalic VN **trigeminal** optic glosspharnyngeal
50
which nerve is this? what are three divisions? what is function? [1]
trigeminal nerve - opthamalic (V1) - maxillary (V2) - mandibular (V3) go on to **provide sensory innervation to face**
51
which foramen do the followng leave brain the inside of cranium from? trigeminal nerve - opthamalic (V1) - maxillary (V2) - mandibular (V3)
which foramen do the followng leave from? ​ trigeminal nerve - opthamalic (V1): **superior orbtial fissure** - maxillary (V2): **foramen rotundum** - mandibular (V3): **foramen ovale**
52
the
53
which foramen do the followng leave the skull from? trigeminal nerve - opthamalic (V1) - maxillary (V2) - mandibular (V3)
which foramen do the followng leave the skull from? trigeminal nerve - opthamalic (V1): **supraorbital foramen** - maxillary (V2): **infraoribal foramen** - mandibular (V3): **mental foramen**
54
which foramen does the facial nerve exit the skull via? [1] what does the facial nerve innervate? [1]
which foramen does the facial nerve exit the skull via? [1] **stylomastoid foramen** what does the facial nerve innervate? [1] **motor muscles of facial expression**
55
glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve leave the skull via which foramen? formen spinosum carotid canal jugular foramen foramen lacerum foreman magnum
glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve leave the skull via which foramen? ​formen spinosum carotid canal **jugular foramen** foramen lacerum foreman magnum
56
spinal accessory nerves leave the skull via which foramen? ​formen spinosum carotid canal jugular foramen foramen lacerum foreman magnum
spinal accessory nerves leave the skull via which foramen? ​formen spinosum carotid canal **jugular foramen** foramen lacerum foreman magnum
57
which muscles does the spinal accessory provide innervation to? [2]
which muscles does the spinal accessory provide innervation to? [2] **sternocloidalmastoid trapezius**

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