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musculoskeletal anatomy > skull and brain > Flashcards

skull and brain Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones in the skull

A

22

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2
Q

2 divisions of the skill/brain

A

neurocranium, viscerocranium

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3
Q

neurocranium

A

hold, host brain

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4
Q

viscerocranium

A

mouth

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5
Q

main skull bones

A

frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, 2 parietal, 2 temporal

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6
Q

functions of cranial bones

A

enclose and protect the brain, attachment sites for head and neck muscles

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7
Q

basic functions of facial bones (5)

A

framework, cavities for sense organs, openings for food/air, secure teeth, anchor facial muscles

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8
Q

joints in the skull

A

sutures

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9
Q

coronal suture

A

frontal to parietal

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10
Q

sagittal suture

A

parietal to parietal

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11
Q

lambdoid suture

A

parietal to occipital

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12
Q

squamosal suture

A

parietal to temporal

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13
Q

form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull

A

parietal

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14
Q

all four major sutures articulate with this bone

A

parietal

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15
Q

which bone forms most of skulls posterior wall and base

A

occipital

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16
Q

occipital condyle is important for

A

nodding head yes

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17
Q

lateral sides of the skull made of this bone

A

temporal

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18
Q

zygomatic processes connect with

A

zygomatic arch

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19
Q

external auditory meatus

A

external ear

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20
Q

styloid process muscle attachment for

A

tongue and neck

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21
Q

mastoid process for

A

neck muscles

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22
Q

butterfly shape bone

A

sphenoid

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23
Q

bone that spans with width of middle cranial fossa

A

sphenoid

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24
Q

three parts of sphenoid

A

greater wing, lesser wing, pterygoid process

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25
Q

sella turcia

A

enclosure for pituitary gland

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26
Q

ethmoid bone __ shape

A

complex

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27
Q

nasal cavity and orbital cavity within this bone

A

ethmoid

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28
Q

cribriform plate

A

roof of the nasal cavity

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29
Q
A

outermost covering of the brain cover connects here

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30
Q

SCALP acronym

A

skin, CT dense, aponeurosis, loose areolar CT, periosteum

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31
Q

scalp:
skin contains _____ and ____ glands
has an abundant ___ supply
good ___ and ____ drainage

A

sweat and sebaceous, hair follicles, arterial, venous, lymphatic

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32
Q

scalp: dense CT forms the thick, dense, richly vascularized ___ layer that is well supplied with ___ nerves

A

subcutaneous, cutaneous

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33
Q

scalp: epicranial aponeurosis: broad, strong tendinous sheet that covers the ____ and serves as _____ converging from the forehead and occiput

A

calvaria, attachment site for muscles

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34
Q

scalp: loose areolar tissue is a sponge like layer including spaces that may distend with fluid as a result of

A

injury or infection

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35
Q

scalp: pericranium is a dense layer of ct that forms the ______ of the neurocranium

A

external periosteum

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36
Q

meninges

A

connective tissues providing support, give righty

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37
Q

meninges 3 layers

A

dura mater, arachnoid matter, Pia mater

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38
Q

dura mater

A

tough, thick external fibrous layer

39
Q

arachnoid matter

A

thin intermediate layer

40
Q

sub arachnoid space contains

A

cerebrospinal fluid

41
Q

pia mater

A

delicate internal vasculated layer

42
Q

dura mater is highly vascularized for

A

protection

43
Q

subdural hematoma

A

below dura, venous bleed, slow leak

44
Q

epidural hematoma

A

on top of dura, arterial bleed, shows fast

45
Q

cerebral hemispheres

A

paired, superior parts of the brain

46
Q

surface of the cerebrum are made of

A

gyri and sulci

47
Q

divide the cerebrum into lobes

A

fissures

48
Q

4 lobes

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

49
Q

somatic sensory area receives impulses from ____

A

sensory receptors

50
Q

primary motor area

A

sends impulses to skeletal muscles

51
Q

brocas area

A

involved in our ability to speak

52
Q

frontal lobe, ____ movements

A

plannes

53
Q

parietal lobe, ___

A

senses

54
Q

gustatory area

A

taste

55
Q

interpretation areas of the cerebrum

A

speech/language recognition, language comprehension, interpretation area

56
Q

gray matter

A

outer, neuronal cell bodies

57
Q

white matter

A

inside, neuronal axons

58
Q

internal islands of gray matter

A

basal nuclei

59
Q

regulates voluntary motor activities by modifying info sent to the motor cortex

A

basal nuclei

60
Q

sits on top of brain stem

A

diencephalon

61
Q

diencephalon enclosed by

A

cerebral hemispheres

62
Q

diencephalon made of three parts

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

63
Q

thalamus surrounds

A

third ventricle

64
Q

relay station for sensory impulses

A

thalamus

65
Q

transfers impulses to the correct part of the cortex for localization and interpretation

A

thalamus

66
Q

hypothalamus is under

A

thalamus

67
Q

important in the autonomic nervous system

A

hypothalamus

68
Q

hypothalamus functions

A

regulate body temp and metabolism, control water balance,

69
Q

pituitary gland is attached to

A

hypothalamus

70
Q

limbic system

A

emotions

71
Q

forms roof of third ventricle

A

epithalamus

72
Q

houses the pineal body

A

epithalamus

73
Q

includes choroid plexus

A

epithalamus

74
Q

parts of the brainstem

A

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

75
Q

midbrain mostly composed of tracts of

A

nerve fibers

76
Q

midbrain is the reflex center for

A

vision and hearing

77
Q

bulging center part of the brain stem

A

pons

78
Q

pons is mostly composed of ___ tracts

A

fiber

79
Q

pons includes nuclei involved in the control of

A

breathing

80
Q

lowest part of the brainstem

A

medulla oblongata

81
Q

medulla oblongata functions

A

heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, vomiting

82
Q

olfactory nerve

A

smell

83
Q

optic nerve

A

vision

84
Q

oculomotor nerve

A

eyelid and eyeball movement

85
Q

trochlear nerve

A

innervates superior oblique, turns eye down and lateral

86
Q

trigeminal nerve

A

chewing, face and mouth touch and pain

87
Q

abducens nerve

A

turn eye lateral

88
Q

facial nervse

A

controls most facial expressions, secretion of tears, saliva, taste

89
Q

vestibulochochlear nerve

A

hearing, equilibrium sensation

90
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve

A

taste, carotid BP

91
Q

vagus nerve control

A

aortic BP, slow heart rate, stimulate digestive organs, taste

92
Q

spinal accessory nerve

A

control traps, sternocleidomastoid, swallowing movements

93
Q

hypoglossal nerve

A

tongue movements

musculoskeletal anatomy (13 decks)

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