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Head and Neck > Skull Part 1 > Flashcards

Skull Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

name the 8 paired bones of the skull

A

parietal, temporal, lacrimal, nasal, inferior nasal conchae, maxilla, palatine, and zygomatic

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2
Q

name 6 unpaired bones of the skull

A

occipital, sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, vomer, and mandible

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3
Q

where is the lingula of the mandible

A

on the medial/inside part of the ramus, marks the opening of the mandibular canal

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4
Q

where is the ramus of the mandible

A

the vertical (arm) portion that connects the condyles and the body

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5
Q

what structure(s) passes thru the mandibular canal

A

nerves and vessels through the ramus and body of the mandible (inferior alveolar nerve)

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6
Q

where is the sagittal suture

A

between the parietal bones (right and left)

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7
Q

where is the lambdoid suture

A

between the parietal and occipital bones

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8
Q

where is the parietomastoid suture

A

between parietal and mastoid part of the temporal bone

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9
Q

where is the occipitomastoid suture

A

between the occipital bone and the mastoid part of the temporal bone

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10
Q

where is the pterion

A

at the junction of the sphenoid, parietal, frontal, and temporal bones

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11
Q

what are the bones that make up the “pterion” fissure

A

sphenoid, parietal, temporal, and frontal

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12
Q

where are the superior and inferior orbital fissures

A

between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone

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13
Q

what 2 bones make up the zygomatic arch

A

the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone

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14
Q

what does the ridge formed by the lesser wing of the sphenoid separate

A

divides the anterior and middle fossa

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15
Q

what does the ridge formed by the petrous portion of the temporal bone separate

A

divides the posterior and middle cranial fossa

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16
Q

where are the anterior and posterior clinoid processes

A

projections from the body of the sphenoid bone

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17
Q

where is the sella turcica

A

on the body of the sphenoid bone “turkish saddle”

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18
Q

what is the anatomical significance of the sella turcica

A

the pituitary gland sits here

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19
Q

where are the medial and lateral pterygoid plates

A

they extend inferiorly on the sphenoid bone

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20
Q

where is the occipital condyle

A

inferior part of occipital bone, where it meets the atlas

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21
Q

where is the vomer

A

inferior/middle part of the nose, helps make up the nasal septum

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22
Q

where is the styloid process

A

its a small spike off the inferior part of the temporal bone

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23
Q

where is the pterygopalatine fossa

A

a cone shaped, paired depression deep to the infratemporal fossa and posterior to the maxilla on each side of the skull (close to the apex of the orbit)

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24
Q

where is the pterygomaxillary fissure

A

vertical, formed by the divergence of the maxilla from the pterygoid process of the sphenoid

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25
what soft structure is associated with the cribriform plate
olfactory nerves pass through here
26
what soft structure is associated with the crista galli
attachment to the falx cerebri and the olfactory bulbs lie on either side
27
what soft structure is associated with the optic canal
the optic nerve passes through here
28
what soft structure(s) is associated with the superior orbital fissure
oculomotor (3), trochlear (4), trigeminal (5), abducens (6) and ophthalmic vein
29
what soft structure is associated with the foramen rotundum
maxillary nerve (V2 of trigeminal)
30
what soft structure(s) is associated with the foramen ovale
mandibular nerve (V3 of trigeminal) and lesser petrosal nerve
31
what soft structure is associated with the foramen spinosum
middle meningeal artery
32
what soft structure is associated with the foramen lacerum
filled with cartilage
33
what soft structure(s) is associated with the internal acoustic (auditory) meatus
facial nerve (7), vestibulocochlear nerve (8), labyrinthine artery
34
what 5 soft structure(s) is associated with the jugular foramen
internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal sinus, glossopharyngeal (9), vagus (10), and spinal accessory (11)
35
what are the 6 soft structure(s) is associated with the foramen magnum
spinal cord, vertebral arteries, sympathetic plexuses, anterior spinal artery, posterior spinal arteries, roots of accessory nerve (11) and meninges
36
what soft structure(s) is associated with the supraorbital notch or foramen
supra-orbital nerve and vessels
37
what soft structure(s) is associated with the infraorbital foramen
infraorbital nerve and vessels
38
what soft structure is associated with the nasolacrimal canal
nasolacrimal duct
39
what soft structure(s) is associated with the mental foramen
mental nerve and vessels
40
what soft structure(s) is associated with the petrotympanic fissure
chorda tympanic branch
41
what soft structure is associated with the stylomastoid foramen
facial nerve (7)
42
where is the confluence of sinuses
at the internal occipital protuberance (connects the superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, and occipital sinus) from here blood drains into the right and left transverse sinus
43
where are the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses
longitudinal sinuses, along the falx cerebri (allows blood to drain from the lateral aspects of the anterior cerebral hemispheres to the confluence of sinuses)
44
where are the right and left transverse sinuses
run laterally along the interior surface of the occipital bone (drain into the confluence of sinuses--> allowing blood to drain from the back of the head)
45
where is the sigmoid sinus
beneath the brain (allow blood to drain inferiorly from the posterior center of the head and drain into the internal jugular vein)
46
where is the superior petrosal sinus
it runs along the margin of the tentorium cerebelli and in the groove in the petrous part of the temporal bone (receives blood from cavernous sinus and passes backward and laterally to drain into the transverse sinus)
47
what 2 things go through the cavernous sinus
the internal carotid artery and cranial nerve 6
48
which 3 cranial nerves pass through the cavernous sinus wall
CN 3, 4, and 5
49
what is the viscerocranium
the facial skeleton or midface (splanchocranium)
50
what is the neurocranium
the top part of the skull or braincase
51
what two parts can the neurocranium be further divided into
the cranial vault (surrounds the brain) and the cranial base (where the brain sits)
52
what are the two major divisions of the skull
cranium and mandible
53
what is the piriform aperture
the common, external opening of the nasal cavities
54
where is the temporal fossa
bounded by the superior and inferior temporal lines, which are sites of muscle attachment
55
where is the infratemporal fossa
inferior to the zygomatic arch and deep to the ramus of the mandible
56
what is the fossa that the pituitary gland sits in
the hypophyseal fossa
57
how many paired paranasal sinuses are there (that are mucus membrane lined)
4 that surround the nasal cavities
58
how many bones are there in the skull
22 bones
59
how many paired synovial joints are there in the skull and what are they
3: temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the joints between the tiny bones of the middle ear: malleus-incus and incus-stapes joints
60
what bones and cartilage make up the nasal septum
ethmoid (perpendicular plate) and palatine bones, entire vomer and septal cartilage
61
what is housed in the petrous part of the temporal bone
the middle and internal parts of the ear, also for muscle attachment
62
what goes in the trigeminal depression of the petrous part of the temporal bone
the space is for the trigeminal nerve (V) sits
63
what goes in the groove and hiatus of the petrous part of the temporal bone
it is for the greater and lesser petrosal nerves
64
what is the notch in the mastoid process of the temporal bone for muscle attachment called
digastric notch
65
which fossa does the superior orbital fissure lead to
the middle cranial fossa
66
what goes through the pterygoid canals on the body of the sphenoid
passageway for nerves and vessels from the middle cranial fossa into the pterygopalatine fossa
67
what are the pterygoid processes for
muscle attachment
68
what is the hamulus
it is located on the medial plate of the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone- a pully for the tensor veli palatini muscle (of soft palate)
69
what are the ethmoidal air cells of the superior and middle nasal conchae part of
the paranasal sinuses
70
where is the coronal suture
between the frontal and parietal bones
71
where is the parietosquamous suture
between the temporal bones and the squamous part of the parietal bones
72
where is the frontosphenoidal suture
between the frontal bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone
73
where is the zygomaticomaxillary suture
between the zygomatic bone and the maxilla
74
where is the zygomaticotemporal suture
between the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone
75
where is the sphenosquamous suture
between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the squamous part of temporal bones
76
where is the cruciate suture
cross shaped suture on the hard palate that consists of the intermaxillary suture (between palatine processes of maxillary bones
77
what are the 3 sutures within the cruciate suture
intermaxillary suture, maxillary-palatine suture, and interpalatine suture
78
what is an interparietal bone
small isolated sutural bones, most often found between parietal bones
79
where is the asterion
where temporal, occipital, and parietal bones meet
80
where is the lambda
intersection of the sagittal and lambdoidal suture
81
where is the inion
external occipital protuberance
82
where is the vertex
topmost part of skull (along the sagittal suture)
83
where is the nasion
intersection of frontonasal suture with internasal sutures (between nasal and frontal bones)
84
where is the glabella
forward most point above nasion (between eyebrows)
85
where is the bregma
intersection of coronal and sagittal sutures
86
where is the anterior nasal spine
anterior bony projection at the base of the piriform aperture
87
where are the superior and inferior nuchal lines
horizontal ridges marking the attachment of posterior neck muscles
88
where is the posterior nasal spine
posterior bony projection at the base of the choncae
89
where is the basion
midpoint on anterior margin of foramen magnum
90
where is the opisthion
midpoint on posterior margin of foramen magnum
91
where is the pharyngeal tubercle
lower surface of basilar part of occipital bone (anterior to foramen magnum) attachment for muscles
92
what is the clivus
slope formed by the body of the sphenoid and occipital bones leading to the anterior margin of foramen magnum
93
what is the frontal crest
beginning of the superior sagittal venous sinus

Head and Neck (10 decks)

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