SLR12 Coding text and graphics

Question 1

Character coding

Answer 1

“The process of encoding text-based characters from a character set (such as ASCII or UNICODE) and mapping them to their binary equivalents in that character set.)

Question 2

Character set

Answer 2

“The set of symbols that may be represented in a computer at a particular time. These symbols, called characters, can be letters, digits, spaces or punctuations marks, the set includes control characters.”

Question 3

ASCII

Answer 3

“A character set devised for early telecommunication systems but proved to be ideal for computer systems. uses 7-bits giving 32 control codes and 96 displayable characters (the 8th bit is often used for error checking).”

Question 4

Unicode

Answer 4

“Standard character set that replaces the need for all the different character sets. It incorporates characters from almost all the world’s languages. It is a 16-bit extension of ASCII.”

Question 5

Parity bits

Answer 5

“A bit which acts as a check on a set of binary values, calculated so that the number of 1s in the set plus the parity bit should also be even if we are using even parity or odd if we are using odd parity.”

Question 6

Majority voting

Answer 6

“A crude method of identifying errors in transmitted data by transmitting a binary code multiple times and then looking the pattern received. If the pattern does not match, then there must be a discrepancy. Majority voting can be used to see which bit occurs the most frequently and assumptions can then be made about which bit was incorrect.”

Question 7

Checksums

Answer 7

“A digit representing the sum of the correct digits in a piece of stored or transmitted digital data, again which later comparisons can be made to detect errors in the data.”

Question 8

Check digits

Answer 8

“A form of redundancy check used for error detection on identification numbers, such as bank account numbers, which are used in an application where they will at least sometimes be input manually.”

Question 9

Bit pattern

Answer 9

“A sequence of bits in memory, a communications channel or some other device.”

Question 10

Analogue-to-digital converter

Answer 10

“A device for converting analogue signals to digital form.”

Question 11

Digital-to-analogue convertor

Answer 11

“A device for converting digital signals into analogue form.”

Question 12

Bitmap graphic

Answer 12

“A digital image composed of a matrix of dots. When viewed at 100%, each dot corresponds to an individual pixel on a display. Each can be assigned a different colour.”

Question 13

Resolution

Answer 13

“The number of pixels a display unit can display.”

Question 14

Colour depth

Answer 14

“The number of bits used to indicate the colour of a single pixel in a bitmapped image or video frame buffer or the number of bits used for each colour component of a single pixel.”

Question 15

Metadata

Answer 15

“A set of data that describes and gives information about other data.”

Question 16

Vector graphic

Answer 16

“A digital image comprised of paths, which are defined by a start and end point, along with other points, curves and angles along the way. A path can be a line, square, triangle or curvy shape. These paths can be used to create simple drawings or complex diagrams. As a vector graphic is not made up of a specific number of dots, it can be scaled to a larger size without any loss of image quality.”

Question 17

“The process of encoding text-based characters from a character set (such as ASCII or UNICODE) and mapping them to their binary equivalents in that character set.)

Answer 17

Character coding

Question 18

“The set of symbols that may be represented in a computer at a particular time. These symbols, called characters, can be letters, digits, spaces or punctuations marks, the set includes control characters.”

Answer 18

Character set

Question 19

“A character set devised for early telecommunication systems but proved to be ideal for computer systems. uses 7-bits giving 32 control codes and 96 displayable characters (the 8th bit is often used for error checking).”

Answer 19

ASCII

Question 20

“Standard character set that replaces the need for all the different character sets. It incorporates characters from almost all the world’s languages. It is a 16-bit extension of ASCII.”

Answer 20

Unicode

Question 21

“A bit which acts as a check on a set of binary values, calculated so that the number of 1s in the set plus the parity bit should also be even if we are using even parity or odd if we are using odd parity.”

Answer 21

Parity bits

Question 22

“A crude method of identifying errors in transmitted data by transmitting a binary code multiple times and then looking the pattern received. If the pattern does not match, then there must be a discrepancy. Majority voting can be used to see which bit occurs the most frequently and assumptions can then be made about which bit was incorrect.”

Answer 22

Majority voting

Question 23

“A digit representing the sum of the correct digits in a piece of stored or transmitted digital data, again which later comparisons can be made to detect errors in the data.”

Answer 23

Checksums

Question 24

“A form of redundancy check used for error detection on identification numbers, such as bank account numbers, which are used in an application where they will at least sometimes be input manually.”

Answer 24

Check digits

Question 25

“A sequence of bits in memory, a communications channel or some other device.”

Answer 25

Bit pattern

Question 26

“A device for converting analogue signals to digital form.”

Answer 26

Analogue-to-digital converter

Question 27

“A device for converting digital signals into analogue form.”

Answer 27

Digital-to-analogue convertor

Question 28

“A digital image composed of a matrix of dots. When viewed at 100%, each dot corresponds to an individual pixel on a display. Each can be assigned a different colour.”

Answer 28

Bitmap graphic

Question 29

“The number of pixels a display unit can display.”

Answer 29

Resolution

Question 30

“The number of bits used to indicate the colour of a single pixel in a bitmapped image or video frame buffer or the number of bits used for each colour component of a single pixel.”

Answer 30

Colour depth

Question 31

“A set of data that describes and gives information about other data.”

Answer 31

Metadata

Question 32

“A digital image comprised of paths, which are defined by a start and end point, along with other points, curves and angles along the way. A path can be a line, square, triangle or curvy shape. These paths can be used to create simple drawings or complex diagrams. As a vector graphic is not made up of a specific number of dots, it can be scaled to a larger size without any loss of image quality.”

Answer 32

Vector graphic