SLT Flashcards
(23 cards)
What does Social Learning Theory explain?
A way of explaining behaviour that includes both direct and indirect reinforcement, combining learning theory with the role of cognitive factors.
Who is associated with the development of Social Learning Theory?
Albert Bandura.
What is the primary mechanism through which learning occurs according to Social Learning Theory?
Observing others.
Which three factors play a role in learning behaviour in Social Learning Theory?
- Mind
- Behaviour
- Environment
What major criticism does Social Learning Theory address regarding the Behaviourist approach?
It takes account of cognitive processes.
What is vicarious reinforcement?
Learning through the observation of others, particularly when behaviour is seen to be rewarded.
What are the four conditions for social learning?
- Attention
- Retention
- Motor Reproduction
- Motivation
What does the ‘Attention’ condition in social learning refer to?
The extent to which we notice certain behaviours.
What does the ‘Retention’ condition in social learning refer to?
The individual remembers what they have observed.
What does ‘Motor Reproduction’ mean in the context of social learning?
The individual replicates the behaviour shown by the model.
What does ‘Motivation’ mean in the context of social learning?
The individual seeks to demonstrate the behaviour that they have observed.
What are live models in terms of identification?
Physically present individuals in our environment, such as a mother or teacher.
What are symbolic models?
Individuals represented in media such as films, books, and cartoons.
According to Cumberbatch (2001), what effect do ‘video nasties’ have on children?
They are more likely to frighten children than to make them more aggressive.
What did Akers (1998) suggest about exposure to models who commit crimes?
It increases the probability of someone engaging in criminal activity.
What limitations do classical and operant conditioning have in explaining learning?
They cannot offer an adequate account of learning on their own.
What is a criticism of the research methods used in Social Learning Theory studies?
Over reliance on evidence from lab studies.
What was observed in children during the Bobo doll experiments?
Boys were more aggressive than girls.
What hormonal factor was suggested to influence aggression in the Bobo doll experiments?
Levels of testosterone.
What did Van Goozen et al. (1994) study regarding aggression?
Aggression in participants transitioning to another gender.
What cultural example did Margaret Mead (1935) provide regarding aggression?
The Arapesh culture is an example of a non-aggressive culture.
According to Mead, what cultural pattern did the Mundugumor (Biwat) exhibit?
Violence is the norm, and status is determined by aggression.
In the Tchambuli culture, what roles did men and women typically fulfill?
- Women were impersonal and dominant
- Men were less responsible and emotionally dependent
