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Gastrointestinal > Small/Large Bowel > Flashcards

Small/Large Bowel Flashcards

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1
Q

Internal hemorroids present with?

A

Painless bleed

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2
Q

how do you treat hemorrhoids

A

Sitz bath, vasoconstrictors, band ligation, High fiber, stool softeners

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3
Q

Linear tear in anal mucosa, posterior, + more pain with defecation is?

A

Anal fissure

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4
Q

how do you tx anal fissure?

A

stool softeners, sitz, fiber, water

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5
Q

bacteria in the dentate line with fistulas are?

A

perianal abscess - deep dull pain, pain out of proportion

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6
Q

how do you diag perianal abscess?

A

CT/MRI - Hx

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7
Q

how do you tx perianal abscess?

A

I+D, vanco/bactrum if MRSA

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8
Q

Risk of colorectal cancers are (3)

A

MSM, HPV, Tobacco

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9
Q

Colorectal cancer bio marker?

A

CEA, biopsy

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10
Q

RLQ pain, anorexia, N/V?

A

appendicitis

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11
Q

mcburry point, rosvings, psoas, obturator tx?

A

Abx, pal appey

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12
Q

Bacterial ascites is?

A

peritonitis

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13
Q

peritonitis presents with

A

pain, fever, N/V and HX

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14
Q

Diag of peritonitis?

A

CT, labs

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15
Q

Tx of peritonitis?

A

Gram - abx and hemodyanic stability

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16
Q

what are 3 complications to constipation?

A

Hemorrohoids, fissure, rectal prolaps

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17
Q

Tx for constipation?

A

Luboprostone, Linaclotide, Fiber, Polyethylene glycol, Manual disimpaction, enemas, Change diet

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18
Q

Diag of mega colon?

A

6cm on Xray

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19
Q

mega colon causes?

A

IBD, Infection (salmonella, shigella) ischemic colitis,

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20
Q

Mega colon presents like?

A

Left shift, N/V/D, fever, tachy, dehydrated, abd pain

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21
Q

Mega colon treatment?

A

NG tube, Abx, ICS, colectomy

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22
Q

Divreticulosis is?

A

colonic outpatches

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23
Q

Diverticulitis is?

A

infection/inflame LLQ + fever

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24
Q

Diagnose diverticula?

25
Treatment for diverticula?
Abx, liquids, surgery
26
Causes of Bowel Obs?
adhesions (Sx), malignancy, hernias, volvulus, intussusception
27
SBO presents with?
Burbury, high pitch tingling sounds
28
BO diagnoses are..
Xray (ladder loops of bowel)
29
Tx BO?
NPO, NG tube, IV fluids
30
whats an ileus?
Bowel isnt moving
31
Causes of ileus?
Narcotics, Sx. Painless obstruction
32
S/S of ileus?
painless, N/V,
33
Ileus is diag with?
No air/fluid levels, bowel isnt working.
34
How do you treat an ileus
NPO, NG tube, what was the trigger (narcotics)
35
How do you diag intussusception?
telescoping (US), barium enema
36
intussusception present with?
sausage mass, currant jelly stool, Post viral,
37
How do you tx intussusception
air enema
38
twisting of the sigmoid colon is a ?
Volvulus, colicky pain in older pts
39
How do you tx a volvulus
distended, tympany, - tx is sigmoid flex, colonoscopy
40
ischemic bowel disease is caused by?
lack of blood, CAD, DM, Lipids, A fib
41
ischemic bowel disease presents with
Pain out of prop, pain post meal
42
ischemic bowel disease diagnoses?
Angio, CT, LDH
43
Tx of ischemic bowel disease
NPO, IVF, Abx, surgery
44
PSC is associateed with?
UC
45
IBD sxs are also
Arthrlgia, fatigue, hematochezia, eyes, liver
46
Tx of IBD
ICS, MTX, Azathioprine, 6-ME, surgery for UC, natalizumab
47
IBS tx
TCA, SSRI, CBT, fiber
48
IgA transglutaminase is?
Celiacs
49
Diag Celiacs?
EGD Biopsy - TTG, endomysial, villous atrophy
50
Tx for Celiacs?
eliminate gluten, ICS
51
s/s of celiacs?
burburmgi, dermatitis herpetiformis, pook Vit K, tympanitic abd
52
most polyps are
adenocarcinomas
53
Lynch and FAP, Peutz-jeghrs (freckles)
FAP = 100% by 40, risk factors for colon cancer
54
1-2 polyps when do you repeat colonoscopy
5 years (tubular adenomas)
55
infections that cause diarrhia?
rotavirus, noro, ecoli, C.diff, camplybacter, cholera, vibro, entameoba, giardia, crypto
56
keys for diarrhea?
daycare, camping, pets, recent abx
57
Tx diarrhea?
Rehydrate hypo-osmolar, abx if needed
58
abx for diahhrea?
1 enterohemorragic (beef) 2 salmonella (chicken) - ICS FQ C.diff - flagyl/vanco enterohemorragic

Gastrointestinal (7 decks)

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