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Gastrointestinal > Stomach/nutrition > Flashcards

Stomach/nutrition Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

RF of GERD?

A

Obese, Hiatal hernia

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2
Q

SXS of GERD?

A

Heartburn, dysphagia, Cough, hoarseness, dental issues

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3
Q

Diag GERD? Complications?

A

EGD. Barrets and AdenoCA

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4
Q

Tx for GERD?

A

PPI, H2, Elevate bed, Nissun Fund/LINX

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5
Q

Gastritis causes?

A

EtOH/H pylori, NSAID

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6
Q

> 1000 gastrin?

A

Zollinger Ellison

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7
Q

Gastritis presents with?

A

N/V, hematemesis, Gastric = pain with food, Duodenal = releif with work

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8
Q

Complication of Gastritis PUD?

A

Anemia, peritoniti/sepsis, Gastric CA

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9
Q

How to diag PUD?

A

EGD, Hpylori cult, urease breath test

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10
Q

Any -itis get?

A

PPI/H2- Clar Amox PPi for Hpylori

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11
Q

H. pylori diag?

A

Fecal/urea breath test

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12
Q

Markers for Stomach Cancer?

A

CEA; most are Adenocarcinomas

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13
Q

Projectile vomiting is?

A

Pyloric Stenosis

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14
Q

Olive sign on US is?

A

Pyloric Stenosis - projectile vomit

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15
Q

TX for pyloric stenosis

A

Pyloromyotomy, stop vomit(meta alk)

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16
Q

kwashiokor

A

normal calories, low protein

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17
Q

marasmus

A

low calories and proteins

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18
Q

What is a good biomarker of longterm protein status

A

Albumin

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19
Q

Low Vit A signs

A

night blindness, broken finger nails, dry skin

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20
Q

Tx for Vit A?

A

liver, beef, chicken, eggs, leafy greens

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21
Q

Vit A toxicity are?

A

orange glow, alopecia, dry skin

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22
Q

VIt D deficiency causes

A

Rickets, osteomalacia

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23
Q

Vit D low diagnosed with

A

Serum 25- Vt D, Check PTH , low hypoparathyroid

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24
Q

Vit D low tx

A

2000 then 1000 daily

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25
Vit D toxicity presents with?
hypercalcemia (bones stones, moans, groans
26
Vit D toxicity tx?
IVF, loop diuretics, bisphosphonates
27
Vit K deficiecy presents like?
Cholestyramine use, bleed, brusing
28
Factor 5 is a good marker bc,
Not Vit K dependant
29
Vit K treatement?
FFP, IM VitK
30
Vit E deficiency presents as?
hyporeflecxia, axatia, limited upward gaze (Neuro sxs)
31
Vit E is associated with
CF, short bowel, hepatobiliary disease
32
Vit E diag?
alpha tocophenol
33
Vit B1 deficiency (thiamine)
``` wet beriberi (due to EtOH), ->AV fistulas (heart) Dry - CNS, wernicke, korsakoff (irreversible memory) ```
34
Vit B3 deficiency (Niacin) presents
pellegra: dermatitis, diahhrea, death, dementia. Ascending parestheias
35
Vit B6 deficiency (pyrodoxine)
Neuropathy, give with INH, Cheolosis, glossitis, Neuropathy, Microcytic anemia, seizure
36
Vit B12 deficiency (hydro) presentation
DNA synthe, macrocytic amenia, Neuro, paresthesia, demyelination, dementia
37
Vit 12 decrease diag?
Both Homo and Methylmal HIGH
38
Vit 12 deficiency tx
IM Vit 12 shots
39
Folate deficiency presents
neurotube defects and CAD
40
folate deficiency tx
Stop ETOH, eat leafy greens and meat. MXT
41
folate presents with
sore tongue, GI upset, anorexia
42
folate diag
low homocysteine
43
Folate tx
1000 mcg
44
Vit C deficiency presents
low collage, EtOH, gum disease, poor wound
45
MCC food allergies
Fish, peanut, tree nut, milk, soy, wheat
46
food allergy presentations are
urticaria, swelling, V/N, HoTN, cardio collapse
47
How are food allergies diagnosed?
Skin prick test, food diary
48
Tx to allergies
Epi/Benadryl, breast feed longer than 4 months
49
If peanut exposure is delayed until after 3 yo...
Allergies
50
Vomits leads to... | Diarrhea leads to..
Alkalosis (liquid coag necrosis) | Acids (SF coag necrosis, eschars)
51
Arterio gas embolisms can be due to
bleaching-OH
52
are endoscopies ok in toxic ingestion?
no unless there is a perforation
53
What do you do if you eat an acid/alkoli?
No NG tube, emetics, Neutrolizing agents. | DO - ABC, And abx
54
FB mc ingested?
Coins, buttons, batteries
55
FB presents with
chest pain, drooling, hematemesis, abd pain, bloody stool
56
Batteries risk
esophageal injury, stomach acid disolve chem release.
57
Battery xray
end to end,
58
magnet xray
attraction, perforation
59
FB of battery/magnet tx
ER referral
60
diag of FB is?
Neck chest abd Xray
61
Tx for FB
Endoscopic if battery, magnets, or symptomatic, obstruction, sharp
62
Adults FB mc lodges in
C6 cryco esophagus
63
Adult FB complications
fistula, obstruction
64
Xray of Adult FB
body packing - needs CT
65
Tx of Adult FB
observe, Drooling, cant swallow, ABCs = endoscopy
66
Toxidromes (tachy, Stim CNS, Mydriasis) are
antichols, sympathomimetics, hallucinogens
67
drugs that cause Hotn, brady, low RR
Opioids, sedative, cholinergic (organophosphates)
68
med overdose needs to be tx with?
ABC, Thiamine, glu, naloxone = opioids/EtOH | Charcoal + NAC
69
APAP tx is
Liver problems, NAC + Charcoal
70
APAP presents with
liver injury, n/v, lethargy, pallor. LFTs, PT/INR, glucose
71
ASA presents with
TINNITUS, AMS, vertigo, N/V, hyperpnea
72
ASA diagnosed, can lead to
respiratory acid and meta alk
73
ASA Tx is?
Charcoal + Sodium Bicarb
74
Opioids presents with
decreased HR, RR, myotic pupils,
75
Opioids tx is
Naloxone for RR
76
obesity tx?
orlistat, phentermine
77
Paget disease is
high turnover of bone, and new bone
78
Paget sxs
bone pain (long bones)
79
Paget diag is
Xray, coarse trabecular, thickening, bowing, Increase alk phose
80
Paget calcium and phose levels?
calcium and phose are normal
81
Paget tx
bisphophonate
82
older patient with increase alk phose. Dz is
Paget's
83
Rickets is due to
growth plate deficiency, Vit D & Calcium
84
Rickets diagnoses
geno varum (bowing), xray of write and knee. high Alk phose and PTH
85
Rickets risk factor is
high breast feeding and low sun shine
86
Rickets tx
Vit D and calcium, watch for alk phose

Gastrointestinal (7 decks)

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