Small Pleomorphic Gram Negative Bacilli

Question 1

Haemophilus spp.

Answer 1

H. influenzae
H. ducreyi
H. aegypticus
H. vaginalis

Question 2

Growth requirement of Haemophilus spp.

Answer 2

Hematin (X factor)
NAD (V factor)

Question 3

from blood

Answer 3

Hematin

Question 4

from yeast extract or Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 4

NAD

Question 5

Pfeiffer’s Bacillus

Answer 5

Haemophilus spp.

Question 6

Transmission of Haemophilus spp.

Answer 6

via respiratory route

Question 7

Virulence factor of Haemophilus spp.

Answer 7

Capsule
IgA1 protease
Fimbriae
Membrane CHONS

Question 8

Most virulent type of capsule of haemophilus spp.

Answer 8

Type B

Question 9

Unique polymer of type B capsule of haemophilus spp.

Answer 9

polyribitol ribose phosphate (PRP)

Question 10

Most common cause of meningitis in aged <2.y.o.

Answer 10

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 11

Major pathogen within the genus haemophilus

Answer 11

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 12

Gram stain of Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 12

gram – negative short rods or coccobacilli

Question 13

Culture for haemophilus influenzae

Answer 13

i. Chocolate agar Plate (CAP)
ii. Blood Agar Plate next to a streak of beta-hemolytic Staph
iii. Mueller-Hinton Agar

Question 14

Satellite phenomenon

Answer 14

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 15

painful genital ulcer coexisting inguinal lymphadenopathy

Answer 15

Chancroid/Soft chancre

Question 16

Clinical Presentation:
Chancroid/Soft chancre

Answer 16

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 17

Gram stain – small pleomorphic gram negative bacilli in clusters - “school of fish”

Answer 17

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 18

Culture for Haemophilus ducreyi

Answer 18

1. Fresh Clotted Rabbit Blood
2. 20 – 30% Defibrinated Rabbit Blood agar
3. Sheep or Horse Blood
4. Chocolate Agar with 1% IsoVataliX and Vancomycin

Question 19

Prevention for Haemophilus ducreyi

Answer 19

1 gram oral Azithromyxin

Question 20

Kock-Week’s Bacillus

Answer 20

Haemophilus aegyptius

Question 21

Clinical Presentation
- Pink eye conjunctivitis
- Resembles H. influenzae biotype III

Answer 21

Haemophilus aegyptius

Question 22

Formerly Haemophilus vaginalis

Answer 22

Gardnerella vaginalis

Question 23

Causes Bacterial vaginosis (foul smelling vaginal discharge –fishy odor,
pruritus and dysuria)

Answer 23

Gardnerella vaginalis

Question 24

Stains for Gardnerella vaginalis

Answer 24

Papanicolaou’s stain

Question 25

“clue cells”

Answer 25

Gardnerella vaginalis

Question 26

Culture for Gardnerella vaginalis

Answer 26

Human Blood Tween Agar at 48 hours in 5 – 10% CO2 – Beta hemolysis V (vaginalis) Agar

Question 27

Positive test for whiff test or sniff tests for G. Vaginalis

Answer 27

Fishy- amine like odor

Question 28

Gram – negative aerobic bacilli Associated with environmental water sources - airconditioner - water air cooling systems

Answer 28

Legionella pneumophilia

Question 29

Important species of Legionella spp.

Answer 29

Legionella pneumophila Legionella micdadei

Question 30

Legionella pneumophila is also known as

Answer 30

Legionnaire’s Pneumonia Pontiac Fever

Question 31

Legionella micdadei is also known as

Answer 31

Pittsburg pneumonia

Question 32

Stain for Legionella pneumophila under _____

Answer 32

Dieterle Silver Stain, Immunofluoresacence

Question 33

Requires high concentration of Iron and Cysteine

Answer 33

Legionella pneumophila

Question 34

Culture media for Legionella pneumophila

Answer 34

i. Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar (BCYE) ii. Chocolate agar iii. Feeley-Gorman Medium (brown pigment)

Question 35

supplemented with L – cyteine, ferric salt and alpha ketoglutarate

Answer 35

Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar (BCYE)

Question 36

Ground glass appearance

Answer 36

Legionella pneumophila

Question 37

Growth requirement Bordetella spp.

Answer 37

- Nitotinic acid - Cysteine - usually methionine

Question 38

Clinically important species Bordetella spp.

Answer 38

1. Bordetella pertussis 2. Bordetella parapertussis 3. Bordetella bronchiseptica

Question 39

Whooping cough

Answer 39

Bordetella pertussis

Question 40

Whooping cough

Answer 40

Bordetella pertussis

Question 41

Kennel cough in dogs

Answer 41

Bordetella bronchiseptica

Question 42

Phases of Bordetella pertussis

Answer 42

1. Catarrhal phase (1-2 weeks) 2. Paroxysmal phase (2 -10 weeks)

Question 43

Phases of bordetella pertussis - patient is highly infective - susceptible to antibiotic

Answer 43

Catarrhal phase

Question 44

Phases of bordetella pertussis - antibiotic not effective

Answer 44

Paroxysmal phase

Question 45

Virulence factors of Bordetella pertussis

Answer 45

1. Capsule 2. Beta – lactamase producing 3. Pili (Filamentous hemagglutinin) 4. Toxins - Pertussis toxin - Tracheal cytotoxin

Question 46

Culture Media for Bordetella pertussis

Answer 46

i. Regan – Lowe ii. Bordet – Gengou

Question 47

Bordet – Gengou is composed of

Answer 47

Potato 20 – 30 % blood Glycerol

Question 48

may give the appearance of “drop of mercury”

Answer 48

Bordetella pertussis

Question 49

Culture for B. parapertussis and B. bronchiseptica

Answer 49

MacConkey Agar Sheep Blood agar

Question 50

Motility Catalase Urease Oxidase B. pertussis

Answer 50

-+-+

Question 51

Motility Catalase Urease Oxidase B. parapertussis

Answer 51

-++-

Question 52

Motility Catalase Urease Oxidase B. bronchiseptica

Answer 52

++++