Vibrio

Question 1

Vibrio cholera strains produce Cholera toxin:

Answer 1

V. cholerae O1
V. cholerae O139 Bengal

Question 2

V. cholerae O1 serotypes

Answer 2

Inaba
Ogawa
Hikojima

Question 3

V. cholerae O1 biotypes:

Answer 3

a. Classical
b. El Tor

Question 4

V. cholerae O1 serotypes:

antigentic determinant A & C

Answer 4

Inaba

Question 5

V. cholerae O1 serotypes:

antigenic determinant A & B

Answer 5

Ogawa

Question 6

V. cholerae O1 serotypes:

expresses both Inaba and Ogawa antigens

Answer 6

Hikojima

Question 7

1 causative agent of cholera pandemic

Answer 7

Classical

Question 8

Selective media:

Answer 8

Thiosulfate Bile Salt Sucrose (TCBS)
Alkaline Bile Salt Agar

Question 9

Enrichment broth:

Answer 9

Alkaline Peptone Broth, pH 8.6

Question 10

Vibrio spp can tolerate ____ pH

Answer 10

6.5-9.0

Question 11

Motility

Answer 11

Darting Motility/Shooting Star Motility

Question 12

If culture will be delayed, transport the spx in

Answer 12

Cary-Blair
Alkaline salt transport medium
VR
Autoclaved seawater

Question 13

Pili of V. cholerae

Answer 13

toxin co-regulated pilus

Question 14

have 2 chromosomes

Answer 14

V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus

Question 15

Cell wall has lipopolysaccharide of 3 types:

Answer 15

a. Lipid A (endotoxin)
b. Core polysaccharide
c. O polysaccharide

Question 16

used to subdivide Vibrio into serogroups

Answer 16

O polysaccharide

Question 17

have acidic polysaccharides

Answer 17

V. vulnificus and Non-O1 V. cholerae

Question 18

Virulence Factor of V. cholerae

Answer 18

Cholera toxin A & B (ctxA & ctxB)
Toxin co-regulated pilus (TCP)
Chemotaxis protein
Accessory cholera enterotoxin (ACE)
Zonula occludens toxins (ZOT)
Neuraminidase

Question 19

Virulence Factor of V. parahaemolyticus

Answer 19

Kanagawa hemolysin/ Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH)

Question 20

Virulence Factor of V. vulnificus

Answer 20

Polysaccharide capsule
Cytolysins, proteases, collagenase
Lysine degradation enzymes

Question 21

VF Biological Effect:

Hypersecretion of electrolytes and water; similar to enterotoxion of E. coli

Answer 21

Cholera toxin A & B (ctxA & ctxB)

Question 22

VF Biological Effect:

Surface binding site receptor for bacteriophage CTXΦ; mediates bacterial adherence to intestinal mucosal cells

Answer 22

Toxin co-regulated pilus (TCP)

Question 23

VF Biological Effect:

Adhesin factor

Answer 23

Chemotaxis protein

Question 24

VF Biological Effect:

Increases intestinal fluid secretion

Answer 24

Accessory cholera enterotoxin (ACE)

Question 25

VF Biological Effect: Increases intestinal permeability

Answer 25

Zonula occludens toxins (ZOT)

Question 26

VF Biological Effect: Modifies cell surface to increase GM1 binding sites for cholera toxin

Answer 26

Neuraminidase

Question 27

VF Biological Effect: Enterotoxin that induces chloride ion secretion (watery diarrhea); produces beta hemolysis on BAP using human blood

Answer 27

Kanagawa hemolysin/ Thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH)

Question 28

VF Biological Effect: Antiphagocytic

Answer 28

Polysaccharide capsule

Question 29

VF Biological Effect: Mediate tissue destruction

Answer 29

Cytolysins, proteases, collagenase

Question 30

VF Biological Effect: Make the intestinal mucosa alkaline

Answer 30

Lysine degradation enzymes

Question 31

The only lactose fermenter

Answer 31

V. vulnificus

Question 32

Primary treatment for V. cholerae

Answer 32

fluid and electrolyte replacement

Question 33

Primary treatment for V. parahaemolyticus

Answer 33

fluid and electrolyte therapy

Question 34

Primary treatment for V. vulnificus

Answer 34

Antibiotic therapy

Question 35

is a milder form of diarrheal disease which occurs in toxin-negative strains of V. cholerae O1 and other non-O1 serotypes

Answer 35

Gastroenteritis

Question 36

fever is rare, maybe indicative of secondary infection

Answer 36

Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139

Question 37

1L of fluid is lost per hour, resulting into severe dehydration, muscle cramps, metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia and hypovolemic shock, cardiac arrhythmia and renal failure

Answer 37

Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139

Question 38

gastroenteritis, cholera-like illness

Answer 38

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Question 39

disease begins at 5-72 hours after exposure with explosive watery diarrhea

Answer 39

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Question 40

wound infection may also occur from exposure to contaminated seawater

Answer 40

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Question 41

most common manifestation: (a) primary septicemia from ingestion of contaminated food or water or (b) rapidly progressive woundinfectionfromexposuretocontaminatedseawater

Answer 41

Vibrio vulnificus

Question 42

sudden onset of fever and chills, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain, secondary skin lesions and tissue necrosis are often present

Answer 42

Vibrio vulnificus

Question 43

infection is common among pxs with hepatic disease, hematopoietic disease, chronic renal failure, & those who are receiving immunosuppressive drugs

Answer 43

Vibrio vulnificus