Smith et al. - CRAFT/CRA Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the CRA/CRAFT?
highlights the difference between
Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA):
- Behavioural treatment based on the belief that a nonusing lifestyle must be accessible and experienced as rewarding for abstinence
- The client’s community is involved/explored as potential reinforcers
Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT):
- Treatment for family members/close friends
- Specifically of unmotivated, treatment-refusing substance abusers
Why is outlining the positive consequences of drug use in functional analysis important?
They represent the motives that sustain the use (identification can thus help create alternatives)
What is the second type of functional analysis used in CRA?
Prosocial behaviours:
- The first functional analysis can help understand why prosocial behaviours are sometimes chosen over substance use (and vice versa)
- Helps identify possible mechanisms for getting the client to select the healthy alternative more often
What is sobriety sampling?
A procedure that clinicians use to get clients to agree to “sample” a time-limited period of sobriety (trial period)
- Time period is negotiated on (usually a relative long period)
- A plan is setup so the client can actively work to achieve the goal
Why is sobriety sampling useful? (4)
- Feels more attainable (thus less resistance)
- Provides an opportunity to break old behavioural patterns
- Allows experimentation with net coping strategies
- Increases self-efficacy (through goal attainment)
Why is incorporating goals (to improve areas of life) fundamental to CRA?
Because the overall objective is to increase sources of substance-free reinforcement in one’s life
What are the three communitation guidelines taught in CRA’s communication skills?
- Give an understanding statement
- Take partial responsibility
- Offer to help
Seven main steps of CRA’s problem-solving skills?
- Narrowly define problem
- Generate potential solutions
- Eliminate undesired suggestions
- Select one solution
- Generate possible obstacles
- Address these obstacles
- Assign the specific task
break down problems in steps + assess likelihood of solution working
In which three domains can the CRA skill “drink and drug refusal” be categorized?
- Learning how to get social support when sobriety is threatened
- Anticipating and preparing for high-risk situations
- Practicing the assertive refusal of invitations to substance use
CRA offers a wide range of skills/treatment interventions, which are these? (8)
as mentioned in Smith
- Job-finding skills
- Social/recreational counseling
- Communication skills
- Problem-solving skills
- Drink and drug refusal skils
- Relapse prevention
- Relationship therapy
- Medication monitoring
How does adolescent CRA (A-CRA) differ from normal CRA? (3)
- Mostly, relying on age-modified questionnaires/procedures
- Inclusion of sessions for the caregivers (with and without adolescent)
- Above focuses on teaching CRA skills to caregives and/or relationship therapy
What are the three main goals of CRAFT?
- Decrease person’s substance abuse
- Get the person to enter treatment
- Increase CSO’s happiness independent of the person’s decision to enter treatment
CSO = concerned significant other
How does functional analysis work in CRAFT?
Similar to CRA, but information is provided by the CSO
What is the first step in CRAFT?
Increasing the CSO’s motivation (to help the IP)
IP = identified patient
What is an important consideration in CRAFT as the IP is unmotivated/unwilling?
Precautions regarding domestic violence (assessing such a risk is important)
Why are communication skills also an important part of CRAFT?
Because the CSO is trying to reinforce “good” behaviour/trying to spur on change in the IP- thus positive communication is essential
